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PKGBUILD(5)
===========
Name
----
PKGBUILD - Arch Linux package build description file
Description
-----------
This manual page is meant to describe general rules about PKGBUILDs. Once a
PKGBUILD is written, the actual package is built using makepkg and installed
with pacman.
*NOTE:* If you have a local copy of the Arch Build System (ABS) tree on your
computer, you can copy the PKGBUILD.proto file to your new package build
directory and edit it from there. To acquire/sync the ABS tree, use the abs
script included with pacman.
Options and Directives
----------------------
*pkgname*::
The name of the package. This has be a unix-friendly name as it will be
used in the package filename.
*pkgver*::
The version of the software as released from the author (e.g. 2.7.1).
*pkgrel*::
This is the release number specific to the Arch Linuxs release. This
allows package maintainers to make updates to the package's configure
flags, for example.
*pkgdesc*::
This should be a brief description of the package and its functionality.
Try to keep the description to one line of text.
*url*::
This field contains a URL that is associated with the software being
packaged. This is typically the project's website.
*license (array)*::
This field specifies the license(s) that apply to the package.
Commonly-used licenses are found in /usr/share/licenses/common. If you
see the package's license there, simply reference it in the license
field (e.g. license=("GPL")). If the package provides a license not
found in /usr/share/licenses/common, then you should include the license
in the package itself and set license=("custom") or
license=("custom:LicenseName"). The license should be placed in
$startdir/pkg/usr/share/licenses/$pkgname when building the package. If
multiple licenses are applicable for a package, list all of them:
licenses=('GPL' 'FDL').
*install*::
Specifies a special install script that is to be included in the package.
This file should reside in the same directory as the PKGBUILD, and will
be copied into the package by makepkg. It does not need to be included
in the source array (e.g. install=pkgname.install).
*source (array)*::
An array of source files required to build the package. Source files
must either reside in the same directory as the PKGBUILD file, or be a
fully-qualified URL that makepkg will use to download the file. In order
to make the PKGBUILD as useful as possible, use the $pkgname and $pkgver
variables if possible when specifying the download location.
*noextract (array)*::
An array of filenames corresponding to those from the source array. Files
listed here will not be extracted with the rest of the source files. This
is useful for packages which use compressed data which is downloaded but
not necessary to uncompress.
*md5sums (array)*::
This array contains an MD5 hash for every source file specified in the
source array (in the same order). makepkg will use this to verify source
file integrity during subsequent builds. To easily generate md5sums, run
"makepkg -g >> PKGBUILD". If desired, move the md5sums line to an
appropriate location. *NOTE:* makepkg supports multiple integrity
algorithms and their corresponding arrays (i.e. sha1sums for the SHA1
algorithm); however, official packages use only md5sums for the time
being.
*sha1sums, etc.*::
Alternative integrity checks that makepkg supports, as noted in md5sums
above.
*groups (array)*::
An array of symbolic names that represent groups of packages, allowing
you to install multiple packages by requesting a single target. For
example, one could install all KDE packages by installing the 'kde' group.
*arch (array)*::
Defines on which architectures the given package is available (e.g.
arch=('i686' 'x86_64')).
*backup (array)*::
A space-delimited array of filenames, without preceding slashes, that
should be backed up if the package is removed or upgraded. This is
commonly used for packages placing configuration files in /etc. See
Handling Config Files in manlink:pacman[8] for more information.
*depends (array)*::
An array of packages that this package depends on to run. Packages in
this list should be surrounded with single quotes and contain at least
the package name. Entries can also include a version requirement of the
form 'name<>version', where <> is one of three comparisons: >= (greater
than or equal to), <= (less than or equal to), or = (equal to).
*makedepends (array)*::
An array of packages that this package depends on to build, but are not
needed at runtime. Packages in this list follow the same format as
depends.
*conflicts (array)*::
An array of packages that will conflict with this package (i.e. they
cannot both be installed at the same time). This directive follows the
same format as depends, except you cannot specify versions.
*provides (array)*::
An array of "virtual provisions" that this package provides. This allows
a package to provide dependencies other than its own package name. For
example, the dcron package can provide 'cron', which allows packages to
depend on 'cron' rather than 'dcron OR fcron'.
*replaces (array)*::
An array of packages that this package should replace, and can be used
to handle renamed/combined packages. For example, if the 'j2re' package
is renamed to 'jre', this directive allows future upgrades to continue
as expected even though the package has moved.
*options (array)*::
This array allows you to override some of makepkg's default behavior
when building packages. To set an option, just include the option name
in the options array. To reverse the default behavior, place an "!" at
the front of the option. Only specify the options you specifically want
to override, the rest will be taken from manlink:makepkg.conf[5].
*NOTE:* 'force' is a special option only used in manlink:PKGBUILD[5]s,
do not use it unless you know what you are doing.
*strip*::
Strip symbols from binaries and libraries. If you frequently
use a debugger on programs or libraries, it may be helpful to
disable this option.
*docs*::
Save doc and info directories. If you wish to delete doc and
info directories, specify "!docs" in the array.
*libtool*::
Leave libtool (.la) files in packages. Specify "!libtool" to
remove them.
*emptydirs*::
Leave empty directories in packages.
*ccache*::
Allow the use of ccache during build. More useful in its negative
form "!ccache" with select packages that have problems building
with ccache.
*distcc*::
Allow the use of distcc during build. More useful in its negative
form "!distcc" with select packages that have problems building
with distcc.
*makeflags*::
Allow the use of user-specific makeflags during build as specified
in manlink:makepkg.conf[5]. More useful in its negative form
"!makeflags" with select packages that have problems building with
custom makeflags such as "-j2" (or higher).
*force*::
Force the package to be upgraded by a pacman system upgrade
operation, even if the version number would normally not trigger
such an upgrade. This is useful when the version numbering scheme
of a package changes (or is alphanumeric).
Install/Upgrade/Remove Scripting
--------------------------------
Pacman has the ability to store and execute a package-specific script when it
installs, removes, or upgrades a package. This allows a package to configure
itself after installation and do the opposite right before it is removed.
The exact time the script is run varies with each operation:
*pre_install*::
script is run right before files are extracted.
*post_install*::
script is run right after files are extracted.
*pre_upgrade*::
script is run right before files are extracted.
*post_upgrade*::
script is run after files are extracted.
*pre_remove*::
script is run right before files are removed.
*post_remove*::
script is run right after files are removed.
To use this feature, create a file such as 'pkgname.install' and put it in the
same directory as the PKGBUILD script. Then use the install directive:
install=pkgname.install
The install script does not need to be specified in the source array. A template
install file is available in the ABS tree (/var/abs/install.proto).
Example
-------
The following is an example PKGBUILD for the 'modutils' package. For more
examples, look through the ABS tree.
-----
pkgname=modutils
pkgver=2.4.25
pkgrel=1
pkgdesc="Utilities for inserting modules in the linux kernel"
url="http://www.kernel.org"
makedepends=('bash' 'mawk')
depends=('glibc' 'zlib')
backup=(etc/modules.conf)
source=(ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/$pkgname/v2.4/$pkgname-$pkgver.tar.bz2
modules.conf)
arch=('i686')
license=('GPL' 'custom')
md5sums=('2c0cca3ef6330a187c6ef4fe41ecaa4d'
'35175bee593a7cc7d6205584a94d8625')
options=(!libtool)
build() {
cd $startdir/src/$pkgname-$pkgver
./configure --prefix=/usr --enable-insmod-static
make || return 1
make prefix=$startdir/pkg/usr install
mv $startdir/pkg/usr/sbin $startdir/pkg
mkdir -p $startdir/pkg/etc
cp ../modules.conf $startdir/pkg/etc
}
-----
See Also
--------
manlink:makepkg[8], manlink:pacman[8], manlink:makepkg.conf[5]
include::footer.txt[]
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