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+# logger.rb - simple logging utility
+# Copyright (C) 2000-2003, 2005, 2008, 2011  NAKAMURA, Hiroshi <nahi@ruby-lang.org>.
+#
+# Documentation:: NAKAMURA, Hiroshi and Gavin Sinclair
+# License::
+#   You can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms of Ruby's
+#   license; either the dual license version in 2003, or any later version.
+# Revision:: $Id: logger.rb 47272 2014-08-25 04:03:33Z nobu $
+#
+# A simple system for logging messages.  See Logger for more documentation.
+
+require 'monitor'
+
+# == Description
+#
+# The Logger class provides a simple but sophisticated logging utility that
+# you can use to output messages.
+#
+# The messages have associated levels, such as +INFO+ or +ERROR+ that indicate
+# their importance.  You can then give the Logger a level, and only messages
+# at that level or higher will be printed.
+#
+# The levels are:
+#
+# +UNKNOWN+:: An unknown message that should always be logged.
+# +FATAL+:: An unhandleable error that results in a program crash.
+# +ERROR+:: A handleable error condition.
+# +WARN+::  A warning.
+# +INFO+::  Generic (useful) information about system operation.
+# +DEBUG+:: Low-level information for developers.
+#
+# For instance, in a production system, you may have your Logger set to
+# +INFO+ or even +WARN+.
+# When you are developing the system, however, you probably
+# want to know about the program's internal state, and would set the Logger to
+# +DEBUG+.
+#
+# *Note*: Logger does not escape or sanitize any messages passed to it.
+# Developers should be aware of when potentially malicious data (user-input)
+# is passed to Logger, and manually escape the untrusted data:
+#
+#   logger.info("User-input: #{input.dump}")
+#   logger.info("User-input: %p" % input)
+#
+# You can use #formatter= for escaping all data.
+#
+#   original_formatter = Logger::Formatter.new
+#   logger.formatter = proc { |severity, datetime, progname, msg|
+#     original_formatter.call(severity, datetime, progname, msg.dump)
+#   }
+#   logger.info(input)
+#
+# === Example
+#
+# This creates a Logger that outputs to the standard output stream, with a
+# level of +WARN+:
+#
+#   require 'logger'
+#
+#   logger = Logger.new(STDOUT)
+#   logger.level = Logger::WARN
+#
+#   logger.debug("Created logger")
+#   logger.info("Program started")
+#   logger.warn("Nothing to do!")
+#
+#   path = "a_non_existent_file"
+#
+#   begin
+#     File.foreach(path) do |line|
+#       unless line =~ /^(\w+) = (.*)$/
+#         logger.error("Line in wrong format: #{line.chomp}")
+#       end
+#     end
+#   rescue => err
+#     logger.fatal("Caught exception; exiting")
+#     logger.fatal(err)
+#   end
+#
+# Because the Logger's level is set to +WARN+, only the warning, error, and
+# fatal messages are recorded.  The debug and info messages are silently
+# discarded.
+#
+# === Features
+#
+# There are several interesting features that Logger provides, like
+# auto-rolling of log files, setting the format of log messages, and
+# specifying a program name in conjunction with the message.  The next section
+# shows you how to achieve these things.
+#
+#
+# == HOWTOs
+#
+# === How to create a logger
+#
+# The options below give you various choices, in more or less increasing
+# complexity.
+#
+# 1. Create a logger which logs messages to STDERR/STDOUT.
+#
+#      logger = Logger.new(STDERR)
+#      logger = Logger.new(STDOUT)
+#
+# 2. Create a logger for the file which has the specified name.
+#
+#      logger = Logger.new('logfile.log')
+#
+# 3. Create a logger for the specified file.
+#
+#      file = File.open('foo.log', File::WRONLY | File::APPEND)
+#      # To create new (and to remove old) logfile, add File::CREAT like:
+#      # file = File.open('foo.log', File::WRONLY | File::APPEND | File::CREAT)
+#      logger = Logger.new(file)
+#
+# 4. Create a logger which ages the logfile once it reaches a certain size.
+#    Leave 10 "old" log files where each file is about 1,024,000 bytes.
+#
+#      logger = Logger.new('foo.log', 10, 1024000)
+#
+# 5. Create a logger which ages the logfile daily/weekly/monthly.
+#
+#      logger = Logger.new('foo.log', 'daily')
+#      logger = Logger.new('foo.log', 'weekly')
+#      logger = Logger.new('foo.log', 'monthly')
+#
+# === How to log a message
+#
+# Notice the different methods (+fatal+, +error+, +info+) being used to log
+# messages of various levels?  Other methods in this family are +warn+ and
+# +debug+.  +add+ is used below to log a message of an arbitrary (perhaps
+# dynamic) level.
+#
+# 1. Message in a block.
+#
+#      logger.fatal { "Argument 'foo' not given." }
+#
+# 2. Message as a string.
+#
+#      logger.error "Argument #{@foo} mismatch."
+#
+# 3. With progname.
+#
+#      logger.info('initialize') { "Initializing..." }
+#
+# 4. With severity.
+#
+#      logger.add(Logger::FATAL) { 'Fatal error!' }
+#
+# The block form allows you to create potentially complex log messages,
+# but to delay their evaluation until and unless the message is
+# logged.  For example, if we have the following:
+#
+#     logger.debug { "This is a " + potentially + " expensive operation" }
+#
+# If the logger's level is +INFO+ or higher, no debug messages will be logged,
+# and the entire block will not even be evaluated.  Compare to this:
+#
+#     logger.debug("This is a " + potentially + " expensive operation")
+#
+# Here, the string concatenation is done every time, even if the log
+# level is not set to show the debug message.
+#
+# === How to close a logger
+#
+#      logger.close
+#
+# === Setting severity threshold
+#
+# 1. Original interface.
+#
+#      logger.sev_threshold = Logger::WARN
+#
+# 2. Log4r (somewhat) compatible interface.
+#
+#      logger.level = Logger::INFO
+#
+#      # DEBUG < INFO < WARN < ERROR < FATAL < UNKNOWN
+#
+# == Format
+#
+# Log messages are rendered in the output stream in a certain format by
+# default.  The default format and a sample are shown below:
+#
+# Log format:
+#   SeverityID, [DateTime #pid] SeverityLabel -- ProgName: message
+#
+# Log sample:
+#   I, [1999-03-03T02:34:24.895701 #19074]  INFO -- Main: info.
+#
+# You may change the date and time format via #datetime_format=.
+#
+#   logger.datetime_format = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
+#         # e.g. "2004-01-03 00:54:26"
+#
+# Or, you may change the overall format via the #formatter= method.
+#
+#   logger.formatter = proc do |severity, datetime, progname, msg|
+#     "#{datetime}: #{msg}\n"
+#   end
+#   # e.g. "2005-09-22 08:51:08 +0900: hello world"
+#
+class Logger
+  VERSION = "1.2.7"
+  _, name, rev = %w$Id: logger.rb 47272 2014-08-25 04:03:33Z nobu $
+  if name
+    name = name.chomp(",v")
+  else
+    name = File.basename(__FILE__)
+  end
+  rev ||= "v#{VERSION}"
+  ProgName = "#{name}/#{rev}"
+
+  class Error < RuntimeError # :nodoc:
+  end
+  # not used after 1.2.7. just for compat.
+  class ShiftingError < Error # :nodoc:
+  end
+
+  # Logging severity.
+  module Severity
+    # Low-level information, mostly for developers.
+    DEBUG = 0
+    # Generic (useful) information about system operation.
+    INFO = 1
+    # A warning.
+    WARN = 2
+    # A handleable error condition.
+    ERROR = 3
+    # An unhandleable error that results in a program crash.
+    FATAL = 4
+    # An unknown message that should always be logged.
+    UNKNOWN = 5
+  end
+  include Severity
+
+  # Logging severity threshold (e.g. <tt>Logger::INFO</tt>).
+  attr_accessor :level
+
+  # Program name to include in log messages.
+  attr_accessor :progname
+
+  # Set date-time format.
+  #
+  # +datetime_format+:: A string suitable for passing to +strftime+.
+  def datetime_format=(datetime_format)
+    @default_formatter.datetime_format = datetime_format
+  end
+
+  # Returns the date format being used.  See #datetime_format=
+  def datetime_format
+    @default_formatter.datetime_format
+  end
+
+  # Logging formatter, as a +Proc+ that will take four arguments and
+  # return the formatted message. The arguments are:
+  #
+  # +severity+:: The Severity of the log message.
+  # +time+:: A Time instance representing when the message was logged.
+  # +progname+:: The #progname configured, or passed to the logger method.
+  # +msg+:: The _Object_ the user passed to the log message; not necessarily a
+  #         String.
+  #
+  # The block should return an Object that can be written to the logging
+  # device via +write+.  The default formatter is used when no formatter is
+  # set.
+  attr_accessor :formatter
+
+  alias sev_threshold level
+  alias sev_threshold= level=
+
+  # Returns +true+ iff the current severity level allows for the printing of
+  # +DEBUG+ messages.
+  def debug?; @level <= DEBUG; end
+
+  # Returns +true+ iff the current severity level allows for the printing of
+  # +INFO+ messages.
+  def info?; @level <= INFO; end
+
+  # Returns +true+ iff the current severity level allows for the printing of
+  # +WARN+ messages.
+  def warn?; @level <= WARN; end
+
+  # Returns +true+ iff the current severity level allows for the printing of
+  # +ERROR+ messages.
+  def error?; @level <= ERROR; end
+
+  # Returns +true+ iff the current severity level allows for the printing of
+  # +FATAL+ messages.
+  def fatal?; @level <= FATAL; end
+
+  #
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   Logger.new(logdev, shift_age = 7, shift_size = 1048576)
+  #   Logger.new(logdev, shift_age = 'weekly')
+  #
+  # === Args
+  #
+  # +logdev+::
+  #   The log device.  This is a filename (String) or IO object (typically
+  #   +STDOUT+, +STDERR+, or an open file).
+  # +shift_age+::
+  #   Number of old log files to keep, *or* frequency of rotation (+daily+,
+  #   +weekly+ or +monthly+).
+  # +shift_size+::
+  #   Maximum logfile size (only applies when +shift_age+ is a number).
+  #
+  # === Description
+  #
+  # Create an instance.
+  #
+  def initialize(logdev, shift_age = 0, shift_size = 1048576)
+    @progname = nil
+    @level = DEBUG
+    @default_formatter = Formatter.new
+    @formatter = nil
+    @logdev = nil
+    if logdev
+      @logdev = LogDevice.new(logdev, :shift_age => shift_age,
+        :shift_size => shift_size)
+    end
+  end
+
+  #
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   Logger#add(severity, message = nil, progname = nil) { ... }
+  #
+  # === Args
+  #
+  # +severity+::
+  #   Severity.  Constants are defined in Logger namespace: +DEBUG+, +INFO+,
+  #   +WARN+, +ERROR+, +FATAL+, or +UNKNOWN+.
+  # +message+::
+  #   The log message.  A String or Exception.
+  # +progname+::
+  #   Program name string.  Can be omitted.  Treated as a message if no
+  #   +message+ and +block+ are given.
+  # +block+::
+  #   Can be omitted.  Called to get a message string if +message+ is nil.
+  #
+  # === Return
+  #
+  # When the given severity is not high enough (for this particular logger),
+  # log no message, and return +true+.
+  #
+  # === Description
+  #
+  # Log a message if the given severity is high enough.  This is the generic
+  # logging method.  Users will be more inclined to use #debug, #info, #warn,
+  # #error, and #fatal.
+  #
+  # <b>Message format</b>: +message+ can be any object, but it has to be
+  # converted to a String in order to log it.  Generally, +inspect+ is used
+  # if the given object is not a String.
+  # A special case is an +Exception+ object, which will be printed in detail,
+  # including message, class, and backtrace.  See #msg2str for the
+  # implementation if required.
+  #
+  # === Bugs
+  #
+  # * Logfile is not locked.
+  # * Append open does not need to lock file.
+  # * If the OS supports multi I/O, records possibly may be mixed.
+  #
+  def add(severity, message = nil, progname = nil, &block)
+    severity ||= UNKNOWN
+    if @logdev.nil? or severity < @level
+      return true
+    end
+    progname ||= @progname
+    if message.nil?
+      if block_given?
+        message = yield
+      else
+        message = progname
+        progname = @progname
+      end
+    end
+    @logdev.write(
+      format_message(format_severity(severity), Time.now, progname, message))
+    true
+  end
+  alias log add
+
+  #
+  # Dump given message to the log device without any formatting.  If no log
+  # device exists, return +nil+.
+  #
+  def <<(msg)
+    unless @logdev.nil?
+      @logdev.write(msg)
+    end
+  end
+
+  #
+  # Log a +DEBUG+ message.
+  #
+  # See #info for more information.
+  #
+  def debug(progname = nil, &block)
+    add(DEBUG, nil, progname, &block)
+  end
+
+  #
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   info(message)
+  #   info(progname, &block)
+  #
+  # Log an +INFO+ message.
+  #
+  # +message+:: The message to log; does not need to be a String.
+  # +progname+:: In the block form, this is the #progname to use in the
+  #              log message.  The default can be set with #progname=.
+  # +block+:: Evaluates to the message to log.  This is not evaluated unless
+  #           the logger's level is sufficient to log the message.  This
+  #           allows you to create potentially expensive logging messages that
+  #           are only called when the logger is configured to show them.
+  #
+  # === Examples
+  #
+  #   logger.info("MainApp") { "Received connection from #{ip}" }
+  #   # ...
+  #   logger.info "Waiting for input from user"
+  #   # ...
+  #   logger.info { "User typed #{input}" }
+  #
+  # You'll probably stick to the second form above, unless you want to provide a
+  # program name (which you can do with #progname= as well).
+  #
+  # === Return
+  #
+  # See #add.
+  #
+  def info(progname = nil, &block)
+    add(INFO, nil, progname, &block)
+  end
+
+  #
+  # Log a +WARN+ message.
+  #
+  # See #info for more information.
+  #
+  def warn(progname = nil, &block)
+    add(WARN, nil, progname, &block)
+  end
+
+  #
+  # Log an +ERROR+ message.
+  #
+  # See #info for more information.
+  #
+  def error(progname = nil, &block)
+    add(ERROR, nil, progname, &block)
+  end
+
+  #
+  # Log a +FATAL+ message.
+  #
+  # See #info for more information.
+  #
+  def fatal(progname = nil, &block)
+    add(FATAL, nil, progname, &block)
+  end
+
+  #
+  # Log an +UNKNOWN+ message.  This will be printed no matter what the logger's
+  # level is.
+  #
+  # See #info for more information.
+  #
+  def unknown(progname = nil, &block)
+    add(UNKNOWN, nil, progname, &block)
+  end
+
+  #
+  # Close the logging device.
+  #
+  def close
+    @logdev.close if @logdev
+  end
+
+private
+
+  # Severity label for logging (max 5 chars).
+  SEV_LABEL = %w(DEBUG INFO WARN ERROR FATAL ANY)
+
+  def format_severity(severity)
+    SEV_LABEL[severity] || 'ANY'
+  end
+
+  def format_message(severity, datetime, progname, msg)
+    (@formatter || @default_formatter).call(severity, datetime, progname, msg)
+  end
+
+
+  # Default formatter for log messages.
+  class Formatter
+    Format = "%s, [%s#%d] %5s -- %s: %s\n"
+
+    attr_accessor :datetime_format
+
+    def initialize
+      @datetime_format = nil
+    end
+
+    def call(severity, time, progname, msg)
+      Format % [severity[0..0], format_datetime(time), $$, severity, progname,
+        msg2str(msg)]
+    end
+
+  private
+
+    def format_datetime(time)
+      time.strftime(@datetime_format || "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%6N ".freeze)
+    end
+
+    def msg2str(msg)
+      case msg
+      when ::String
+        msg
+      when ::Exception
+        "#{ msg.message } (#{ msg.class })\n" <<
+          (msg.backtrace || []).join("\n")
+      else
+        msg.inspect
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  module Period
+    module_function
+
+    SiD = 24 * 60 * 60
+
+    def next_rotate_time(now, shift_age)
+      case shift_age
+      when /^daily$/
+        t = Time.mktime(now.year, now.month, now.mday) + SiD
+      when /^weekly$/
+        t = Time.mktime(now.year, now.month, now.mday) + SiD * (7 - now.wday)
+      when /^monthly$/
+        t = Time.mktime(now.year, now.month, 1) + SiD * 31
+        mday = (1 if t.mday > 1)
+      else
+        return now
+      end
+      if mday or t.hour.nonzero? or t.min.nonzero? or t.sec.nonzero?
+        t = Time.mktime(t.year, t.month, mday || (t.mday + (t.hour > 12 ? 1 : 0)))
+      end
+      t
+    end
+
+    def previous_period_end(now, shift_age)
+      case shift_age
+      when /^daily$/
+        t = Time.mktime(now.year, now.month, now.mday) - SiD / 2
+      when /^weekly$/
+        t = Time.mktime(now.year, now.month, now.mday) - (SiD * (now.wday + 1) + SiD / 2)
+      when /^monthly$/
+        t = Time.mktime(now.year, now.month, 1) - SiD / 2
+      else
+        return now
+      end
+      Time.mktime(t.year, t.month, t.mday, 23, 59, 59)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Device used for logging messages.
+  class LogDevice
+    include Period
+
+    attr_reader :dev
+    attr_reader :filename
+
+    class LogDeviceMutex
+      include MonitorMixin
+    end
+
+    def initialize(log = nil, opt = {})
+      @dev = @filename = @shift_age = @shift_size = nil
+      @mutex = LogDeviceMutex.new
+      if log.respond_to?(:write) and log.respond_to?(:close)
+        @dev = log
+      else
+        @dev = open_logfile(log)
+        @dev.sync = true
+        @filename = log
+        @shift_age = opt[:shift_age] || 7
+        @shift_size = opt[:shift_size] || 1048576
+        @next_rotate_time = next_rotate_time(Time.now, @shift_age) unless @shift_age.is_a?(Integer)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def write(message)
+      begin
+        @mutex.synchronize do
+          if @shift_age and @dev.respond_to?(:stat)
+            begin
+              check_shift_log
+            rescue
+              warn("log shifting failed. #{$!}")
+            end
+          end
+          begin
+            @dev.write(message)
+          rescue
+            warn("log writing failed. #{$!}")
+          end
+        end
+      rescue Exception => ignored
+        warn("log writing failed. #{ignored}")
+      end
+    end
+
+    def close
+      begin
+        @mutex.synchronize do
+          @dev.close rescue nil
+        end
+      rescue Exception
+        @dev.close rescue nil
+      end
+    end
+
+  private
+
+    def open_logfile(filename)
+      begin
+        open(filename, (File::WRONLY | File::APPEND))
+      rescue Errno::ENOENT
+        create_logfile(filename)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def create_logfile(filename)
+      begin
+        logdev = open(filename, (File::WRONLY | File::APPEND | File::CREAT | File::EXCL))
+        logdev.flock(File::LOCK_EX)
+        logdev.sync = true
+        add_log_header(logdev)
+        logdev.flock(File::LOCK_UN)
+      rescue Errno::EEXIST
+        # file is created by another process
+        logdev = open_logfile(filename)
+        logdev.sync = true
+      end
+      logdev
+    end
+
+    def add_log_header(file)
+      file.write(
+        "# Logfile created on %s by %s\n" % [Time.now.to_s, Logger::ProgName]
+      ) if file.size == 0
+    end
+
+    def check_shift_log
+      if @shift_age.is_a?(Integer)
+        # Note: always returns false if '0'.
+        if @filename && (@shift_age > 0) && (@dev.stat.size > @shift_size)
+          lock_shift_log { shift_log_age }
+        end
+      else
+        now = Time.now
+        if now >= @next_rotate_time
+          @next_rotate_time = next_rotate_time(now, @shift_age)
+          lock_shift_log { shift_log_period(previous_period_end(now, @shift_age)) }
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    if /mswin|mingw/ =~ RUBY_PLATFORM
+      def lock_shift_log
+        yield
+      end
+    else
+      def lock_shift_log
+        retry_limit = 8
+        retry_sleep = 0.1
+        begin
+          File.open(@filename, File::WRONLY | File::APPEND) do |lock|
+            lock.flock(File::LOCK_EX) # inter-process locking. will be unlocked at closing file
+            if File.identical?(@filename, lock) and File.identical?(lock, @dev)
+              yield # log shifting
+            else
+              # log shifted by another process (i-node before locking and i-node after locking are different)
+              @dev.close rescue nil
+              @dev = open_logfile(@filename)
+              @dev.sync = true
+            end
+          end
+        rescue Errno::ENOENT
+          # @filename file would not exist right after #rename and before #create_logfile
+          if retry_limit <= 0
+            warn("log rotation inter-process lock failed. #{$!}")
+          else
+            sleep retry_sleep
+            retry_limit -= 1
+            retry_sleep *= 2
+            retry
+          end
+        end
+      rescue
+        warn("log rotation inter-process lock failed. #{$!}")
+      end
+    end
+
+    def shift_log_age
+      (@shift_age-3).downto(0) do |i|
+        if FileTest.exist?("#{@filename}.#{i}")
+          File.rename("#{@filename}.#{i}", "#{@filename}.#{i+1}")
+        end
+      end
+      @dev.close rescue nil
+      File.rename("#{@filename}", "#{@filename}.0")
+      @dev = create_logfile(@filename)
+      return true
+    end
+
+    def shift_log_period(period_end)
+      postfix = period_end.strftime("%Y%m%d") # YYYYMMDD
+      age_file = "#{@filename}.#{postfix}"
+      if FileTest.exist?(age_file)
+        # try to avoid filename crash caused by Timestamp change.
+        idx = 0
+        # .99 can be overridden; avoid too much file search with 'loop do'
+        while idx < 100
+          idx += 1
+          age_file = "#{@filename}.#{postfix}.#{idx}"
+          break unless FileTest.exist?(age_file)
+        end
+      end
+      @dev.close rescue nil
+      File.rename("#{@filename}", age_file)
+      @dev = create_logfile(@filename)
+      return true
+    end
+  end
+end