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+# -*- rdoc -*-
+
+= NEWS for Ruby 2.2.0
+
+This document is a list of user visible feature changes made between
+releases except for bug fixes.
+
+Note that each entry is kept so brief that no reason behind or
+reference information is supplied with. For a full list of changes
+with all sufficient information, see the ChangeLog file.
+
+== Changes since the 2.1.0 release
+
+=== Language changes
+
+* nil/true/false
+ * nil/true/false objects are frozen. [Feature #8923]
+
+* Hash literal
+ * Symbol key followed by a colon can be quoted. [Feature #4276]
+
+* default argument
+ fixed a very longstanding bug that an optional argument was not
+ accessible in its default value expression. [Bug #9593]
+
+=== Core classes updates (outstanding ones only)
+
+* Binding
+ * New methods:
+ * Binding#local_variables
+ * Binding#receiver
+
+* Dir
+ * New methods:
+ * Dir#fileno
+
+* Enumerable
+ * New methods:
+ * Enumerable#slice_after
+ * Enumerable#slice_when
+ * Extended methods:
+ * min, min_by, max and max_by supports optional argument to return
+ multiple elements.
+
+* Float
+ * New methods:
+ * Float#next_float
+ * Float#prev_float
+
+* File
+ * New methods:
+ * File.birthtime
+ * File#birthtime
+
+* File::Stat
+ * New methods:
+ * File::Stat#birthtime
+
+* GC
+ * GC.latest_gc_info returns :state to represent current GC status.
+ * Improvements
+ * Introduce incremental marking for major GC. [Feature #10137]
+
+* IO
+ * Improvements
+ * IO#nonblock_read and IO#nonblock_write for pipes on Windows are supported.
+
+* Kernel
+ * New methods:
+ * Kernel#itself
+ * Improvements
+ * Kernel#throw raises UncaughtThrowError, subclass of ArgumentError when
+ there is no corresponding catch block, instead of ArgumentError.
+
+* Process
+ * Extended method:
+ * Process execution methods such as Process.spawn opens the file in write
+ mode for redirect from [:out, :err].
+
+* String
+ * New methods:
+ * String#unicode_normalize
+ * String#unicode_normalize!
+ * String#unicode_normalized?
+
+* Symbol
+ * Improvements
+ * Most symbols which are returned by String#to_sym and
+ String#intern are GC-able.
+
+* Method
+ * New methods:
+ * Method#curry([arity]) returns a curried Proc.
+ * Method#super_method returns a Method of superclass, which would be called
+ when super is used.
+
+=== Core classes compatibility issues (excluding feature bug fixes)
+
+* Enumerable
+ * Enumerable#slice_before's state management deprecated.
+ * Enumerable#chunk's state management deprecated.
+
+* GC
+ * incompatible changes:
+ * Rename GC.stat entries. [Feature #9924]
+ See https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/11Ua4uBr6o0k-nORrZLEIIUkHJ9JRzRR0NyZfrhEEnc8/edit?usp=sharing
+
+* IO
+ * incompatible changes:
+ * When flushing file IO with IO#flush, you cannot assume that the metadata
+ of the file is updated immediately. On some platforms (especially
+ Windows), it is delayed until the filesystem load is decreased.
+ Use IO#fsync if you want to guarantee updating metadata.
+
+* Math
+ * incompatible changes:
+ * Math.log now raises Math::DomainError instead of returning NaN if the
+ base is less than 0, and returns NaN instead of -infinity if both of
+ two arguments are 0.
+ * Math.atan2 now returns values like as expected by C99 if both two
+ arguments are infinity.
+
+* Proc
+ * incompatible changes:
+ * ArgumentError is no longer raised when lambda Proc is passed as a
+ block, and the number of yielded arguments does not match the formal
+ arguments of the lambda, if just an array is yielded and its length
+ matches.
+
+* Process
+ * Process execution methods such as Process.spawn opens the file in write
+ mode for redirect from [:out, :err].
+ Before Ruby 2.2, it was opened in read mode.
+
+=== Stdlib updates (outstanding ones only)
+
+* Continuation
+ * callcc is obsolete. use Fiber instead.
+
+* Digest
+
+ * Digest() should now be thread-safe. If you have a problem with
+ regard to on-demand loading under a multi-threaded environment,
+ preload "digest/*" modules on boot or use this method instead of
+ directly referencing Digest::*.
+ * Digest::HMAC has been removed just as previously noticed.
+
+* DL
+ * DL has been removed from stdlib. Please use Fiddle instead!
+
+* Etc
+ * New methods:
+ * Etc.uname
+ * Etc.sysconf
+ * Etc.confstr
+ * IO#pathconf
+ * Etc.nprocessors
+
+* Find, Pathname
+ * Extended methods:
+ * find method accepts "ignore_error" keyword argument.
+
+* Matrix
+ * New methods:
+ * Matrix#first_minor(row, column) returns the submatrix obtained
+ by deleting the specified row and column.
+ * Matrix#cofactor(row, column) returns the (row, column) cofactor
+ which is obtained by multiplying the first minor by (-1)**(row + column).
+ * Matrix#adjugate returns the adjugate of the matrix.
+ * hstack and vstack are new instance and class methods to stack matrices
+ horizontally and vertically.
+ * Matrix#laplace_expansion(row_or_column: num) returns the laplace_expansion
+ along the +num+ -th row or column.
+ * Vector.basis(size:, index:) returns the specified basis vector.
+ * Unary - and + added for Vector and Matrix.
+ * Vector#cross_product generalized to arbitrary dimensions.
+ * Vector#dot and #cross are aliases for #inner_product and #cross_product.
+ * Vector#angle_with returns the angle with its argument
+ * New instance and class method independent? to test linear independence.
+
+* Pathname
+ * Pathname#/ is aliased to Pathname#+.
+ * New methods:
+ * Pathname#birthtime
+
+* Rake
+ * Updated to Rake 10.4.0. For full release notes see:
+
+ http://docs.seattlerb.org/rake/History_rdoc.html#label-10.4.0
+
+* RubyGems
+ * Updated to RubyGems 2.4.2. For full release notes see:
+
+ http://docs.seattlerb.org/rubygems/History_txt.html#label-2.4.2+%2F+2014-10-01
+
+* TSort
+ * TSort.tsort_each, TSort.each_strongly_connected_component and
+ TSort.each_strongly_connected_component_from returns an enumerator if
+ no block given.
+
+* XMLRPC
+ * Added new parser class named LibXMLStreamParser.
+
+=== Stdlib compatibility issues (excluding feature bug fixes)
+
+* lib/mathn.rb
+ * Show deprecated warning [Feature #10169]
+
+* ext/date/lib/date/format.rb
+ * Removed because it's empty file.
+
+* Digest
+ * Digest::HMAC has finally ceased to exist. Use OpenSSL::HMAC or an external gem instead.
+
+* time.rb
+ * Time.parse, Time.strptime, Time.rfc2822, Time.xmlschema may produce
+ fixed-offset Time objects.
+ It is happen when usual localtime doesn't preserve the offset from UTC.
+ * Time.httpdate produces always UTC Time object.
+ * Time.strptime raises ArgumentError when no date information.
+
+* lib/rational.rb
+ * Removed because it is deprecated from 2009.
+
+* lib/complex.rb
+ * Removed because it is deprecated from 2009.
+
+* lib/prettyprint.rb
+ * Removed PrettyPrint#first?
+
+* lib/minitest/*.rb
+ * Removed because it conflicts to minitest 5. [Feature #9711]
+
+* lib/test/**/*.rb
+ * Removed because it conflicts to minitest 5, and it was just an wrapper
+ of minitest 4. [Feature #9711]
+
+* lib/uri
+ * support RFC 3986. [Feature #2542]
+
+* GServer
+ * GServer is extracted to gserver gem. It's unmaintain code.
+
+* Logger
+ * Logger::Application is extracted to logger-application gem. It's unmaintain code.
+
+* ObjectSpace (after requiring "objspace")
+ * ObjectSpace.memsize_of(obj) returns a size includes sizeof(RVALUE).
+ [Bug #8984]
+
+* Prime
+ * incompatible changes:
+ * Prime.prime? now returns false for negative numbers. This method
+ should not be used to know the number is composite or not. [Bug #7395]
+
+* Psych
+ * Removed Psych::EngineManager [Bug #8344]
+
+=== Built-in global variables compatibility issues
+
+=== C API updates
+
+* Deprecated APIs removed. [Feature #9502]
+
+ Check_SafeStr -> SafeStringValue
+ rb_check_safe_str -> SafeStringValue
+ rb_quad_pack -> rb_integer_pack
+ rb_quad_unpack -> rb_integer_unpack
+ rb_read_check : access struct FILE internal. no replacement.
+ rb_struct_iv_get : internal function. no replacement.
+ struct rb_blocking_region_buffer : internal type. no replacement.
+ rb_thread_blocking_region_begin -> rb_thread_call_without_gvl family
+ rb_thread_blocking_region_end -> rb_thread_call_without_gvl family
+ TRAP_BEG -> rb_thread_call_without_gvl family
+ TRAP_END -> rb_thread_call_without_gvl family
+ rb_thread_select -> rb_thread_fd_select
+ struct rb_exec_arg : internal type. no replacement.
+ rb_exec : internal function. no replacement.
+ rb_exec_arg_addopt : internal function. no replacement.
+ rb_exec_arg_fixup : internal function. no replacement.
+ rb_exec_arg_init : internal function. no replacement.
+ rb_exec_err : internal function. no replacement.
+ rb_fork : internal function. no replacement.
+ rb_fork_err : internal function. no replacement.
+ rb_proc_exec_n : internal function. no replacement.
+ rb_run_exec_options : internal function. no replacement.
+ rb_run_exec_options_err : internal function. no replacement.
+ rb_thread_blocking_region -> rb_thread_call_without_gvl family
+ rb_thread_polling -> rb_thread_wait_for
+ rb_big2str0 : internal function. no replacement.
+ rb_big2ulong_pack -> rb_integer_pack
+ rb_gc_set_params : internal function. no replacement.
+ rb_io_mode_flags -> rb_io_modestr_fmode
+ rb_io_modenum_flags -> rb_io_oflags_fmode
+
+* struct RBignum is hidden. [Feature #6083]
+ Use rb_integer_pack and rb_integer_unpack instead.
+
+* struct RRational is hidden. [Feature #9513]
+ Use rb_rational_num and rb_rational_den instead.
+
+* rb_big_new and rb_big_resize takes a size_t instead of long.
+
+* rb_num2long returns a long instead of SIGNED_VALUE.
+
+* rb_num2ulong returns an unsigned long instead of VALUE.
+
+* st hash table uses power-of-two sizes for speed [Feature #9425].
+ Lookups are 10-25% faster if using appropriate hash functions.
+ However, weaknesses in hash distribution can no longer be masked
+ by prime number-sized tables, so extensions may need to tweak
+ hash functions to ensure good distribution.
+
+* rb_sym2str() added. This is almost same as `rb_id2str(SYM2ID(sym))`
+ but not pinning a dynamic symbol.
+
+* rb_str_cat_cstr() added. This is same as `rb_str_cat2()`.
+
+* `rb_str_substr()` and `rb_str_subseq()` will share middle of a string,
+ but not only the end of a string, in the future. Therefore, result
+ strings may not be NUL-terminated, `StringValueCStr()` is needed
+ calling to obtain a NUL-terminated C string.
+
+* rb_tracepoint_new() supports new internal events accessible only from C:
+ * RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_GC_ENTER
+ * RUBY_INTERNAL_EVENT_GC_EXIT
+ r47528
+
+* rb_hash_delete() now does not call the block given to the current method.
+
+* rb_extract_keywords() and rb_get_kwargs() exported. See README.EXT
+ for details.
+
+=== Build system updates
+
+* jemalloc is optionally supported via `./configure --with-jemalloc`
+ jemalloc may be suitable when system malloc is slow or prone
+ to fragmentation. [Feature #9113]
+
+=== Implementation changes
+
+* GC
+ * Most symbols which are returned by String#to_sym and
+ String#intern are GC-able [Feature #9634]
+ * Introduce incremental marking for major GC. [Feature #10137]
+ * Enable lazy sweep on GC caused by malloc().
+
+* VM
+ * Use frozen string literals for Hash#[] and Hash#[]=
+ * Fast keyword arguments passing [Feature #10440]
+ * Allow to receive huge splatted array by a rest argument
+ [Feature #10440]
+
+* Process
+ * Process creation methods, such as spawn(), uses vfork() system call.
+ vfork() is faster than fork() when the parent process uses huge memory.