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<title>ICONV_OPEN</title>
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<h1 align=center>ICONV_OPEN</h1>
<a href="#NAME">NAME</a><br>
<a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a><br>
<a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a><br>
<a href="#RETURN VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a><br>
<a href="#ERRORS">ERRORS</a><br>
<a href="#CONFORMING TO">CONFORMING TO</a><br>
<a href="#SEE ALSO">SEE ALSO</a><br>
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<a name="NAME"></a>
<h2>NAME</h2>
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<p>iconv_open − allocate descriptor for character set
conversion</p>
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<a name="SYNOPSIS"></a>
<h2>SYNOPSIS</h2>
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<pre><b>#include <iconv.h>
iconv_t iconv_open (const char*</b> <i>tocode</i><b>, const char*</b> <i>fromcode</i><b>);
</b></pre>
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<a name="DESCRIPTION"></a>
<h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
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<p>The <b>iconv_open</b> function allocates a conversion
descriptor suitable for converting byte sequences from
character encoding <i>fromcode</i> to character encoding
<i>tocode</i>.</p>
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<p>The values permitted for <i>fromcode</i> and
<i>tocode</i> and the supported combinations are system
dependent. For the libiconv library, the following encodings
are supported, in all combinations.</p>
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<p>European languages</p></td>
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<p>ASCII,
ISO−8859−{1,2,3,4,5,7,9,10,13,14,15,16},
KOI8−R, KOI8−U, KOI8−RU,
CP{1250,1251,1252,1253,1254,1257}, CP{850,866,1131},
Mac{Roman,CentralEurope,Iceland,Croatian,Romania},
Mac{Cyrillic,Ukraine,Greek,Turkish}, Macintosh</p>
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<p>Semitic languages</p></td>
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<p>ISO−8859−{6,8}, CP{1255,1256}, CP862,
Mac{Hebrew,Arabic}</p>
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<p>Japanese</p></td>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<p>EUC−JP, SHIFT_JIS, CP932, ISO−2022−JP,
ISO−2022−JP−2,
ISO−2022−JP−1</p>
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<p>Chinese</p></td>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<p>EUC−CN, HZ, GBK, CP936, GB18030, EUC−TW,
BIG5, CP950, BIG5−HKSCS, BIG5−HKSCS:2001,
BIG5−HKSCS:1999, ISO−2022−CN,
ISO−2022−CN−EXT</p>
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cols="3" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<p>Korean</p>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<p>EUC−KR, CP949, ISO−2022−KR, JOHAB</p>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<p>Armenian</p></td>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<p>ARMSCII−8</p>
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<p>Georgian</p></td>
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cols="2" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<p>Georgian−Academy, Georgian−PS</p>
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cols="3" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<td width="11%"></td>
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<p>Tajik</p>
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<p>KOI8−T</p>
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<td width="11%"></td>
<td width="8%">
<p>Kazakh</p>
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</td>
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<p>PT154, RK1048</p>
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<p>Thai</p>
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</td>
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<p>TIS−620, CP874, MacThai</p>
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<p>Laotian</p></td>
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<p>MuleLao−1, CP1133</p>
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<p>Vietnamese</p></td>
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<p>VISCII, TCVN, CP1258</p>
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<p>Platform specifics</p></td>
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<p>HP−ROMAN8, NEXTSTEP</p>
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<p>Full Unicode</p></td>
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<p>UTF−8</p>
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<p>UCS−2, UCS−2BE, UCS−2LE</p>
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<p>UCS−4, UCS−4BE, UCS−4LE</p>
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<p>UTF−16, UTF−16BE, UTF−16LE</p>
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<p>UTF−32, UTF−32BE, UTF−32LE</p>
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<p>UTF−7</p>
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<p>C99, JAVA</p>
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<p>Full Unicode, in terms of <b>uint16_t</b> or
<b>uint32_t</b></p></td>
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<p>(with machine dependent endianness and alignment)</p>
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<p>UCS−2−INTERNAL,
UCS−4−INTERNAL</p>
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<p>Locale dependent, in terms of <b>char</b> or
<b>wchar_t</b></p></td>
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<p>(with machine dependent endianness and alignment, and
with semantics depending on the OS and the current LC_CTYPE
locale facet)</p>
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<p>char, wchar_t</p>
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<p>When configured with the option
<b>−−enable−extra−encodings</b>, it
also provides support for a few extra encodings:</p>
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<p>European languages</p></td>
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<pre>CP{437,737,775,852,853,855,857,858,860,861,863,865,869,1125}
</pre>
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<p>Semitic languages</p></td>
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<p>CP864</p>
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<p>Japanese</p></td>
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<p>EUC−JISX0213, Shift_JISX0213,
ISO−2022−JP−3</p>
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<p>Chinese</p></td>
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<p>BIG5−2003 (experimental)</p>
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<p>Turkmen</p></td>
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<p>TDS565</p>
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<p>Platform specifics</p></td>
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<p>ATARIST, RISCOS−LATIN1</p>
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<p>The empty encoding name "" is equivalent to
"char": it denotes the locale dependent character
encoding.</p>
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<p>When the string "//TRANSLIT" is appended to
<i>tocode</i>, transliteration is activated. This means that
when a character cannot be represented in the target
character set, it can be approximated through one or several
characters that look similar to the original character.</p>
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<p>When the string "//IGNORE" is appended to
<i>tocode</i>, characters that cannot be represented in the
target character set will be silently discarded.</p>
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<p>The resulting conversion descriptor can be used with
<b>iconv</b> any number of times. It remains valid until
deallocated using <b>iconv_close</b>.</p>
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<p>A conversion descriptor contains a conversion state.
After creation using <b>iconv_open</b>, the state is in the
initial state. Using <b>iconv</b> modifies the
descriptor’s conversion state. (This implies that a
conversion descriptor can not be used in multiple threads
simultaneously.) To bring the state back to the initial
state, use <b>iconv</b> with NULL as <i>inbuf</i>
argument.</p>
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<a name="RETURN VALUE"></a>
<h2>RETURN VALUE</h2>
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<p>The <b>iconv_open</b> function returns a freshly
allocated conversion descriptor. In case of error, it sets
<b>errno</b> and returns (iconv_t)(−1).</p>
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<a name="ERRORS"></a>
<h2>ERRORS</h2>
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<p>The following error can occur, among others:</p>
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<p><b>EINVAL</b></p>
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<p>The conversion from <i>fromcode</i> to <i>tocode</i> is
not supported by the implementation.</p>
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<a name="CONFORMING TO"></a>
<h2>CONFORMING TO</h2>
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<p>POSIX:2001</p>
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<a name="SEE ALSO"></a>
<h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
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<p><b>iconv</b>(3) <b>iconvctl</b>(3)
<b>iconv_close</b>(3)</p>
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