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+#
+# cgi.rb - cgi support library
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2000  Network Applied Communication Laboratory, Inc.
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2000  Information-technology Promotion Agency, Japan
+#
+# Author: Wakou Aoyama <wakou@ruby-lang.org>
+#
+# Documentation: Wakou Aoyama (RDoc'd and embellished by William Webber)
+#
+
+# == Overview
+#
+# The Common Gateway Interface (CGI) is a simple protocol for passing an HTTP
+# request from a web server to a standalone program, and returning the output
+# to the web browser.  Basically, a CGI program is called with the parameters
+# of the request passed in either in the environment (GET) or via $stdin
+# (POST), and everything it prints to $stdout is returned to the client.
+#
+# This file holds the CGI class.  This class provides functionality for
+# retrieving HTTP request parameters, managing cookies, and generating HTML
+# output.
+#
+# The file CGI::Session provides session management functionality; see that
+# class for more details.
+#
+# See http://www.w3.org/CGI/ for more information on the CGI protocol.
+#
+# == Introduction
+#
+# CGI is a large class, providing several categories of methods, many of which
+# are mixed in from other modules.  Some of the documentation is in this class,
+# some in the modules CGI::QueryExtension and CGI::HtmlExtension.  See
+# CGI::Cookie for specific information on handling cookies, and cgi/session.rb
+# (CGI::Session) for information on sessions.
+#
+# For queries, CGI provides methods to get at environmental variables,
+# parameters, cookies, and multipart request data.  For responses, CGI provides
+# methods for writing output and generating HTML.
+#
+# Read on for more details.  Examples are provided at the bottom.
+#
+# == Queries
+#
+# The CGI class dynamically mixes in parameter and cookie-parsing
+# functionality,  environmental variable access, and support for
+# parsing multipart requests (including uploaded files) from the
+# CGI::QueryExtension module.
+#
+# === Environmental Variables
+#
+# The standard CGI environmental variables are available as read-only
+# attributes of a CGI object.  The following is a list of these variables:
+#
+#
+#   AUTH_TYPE               HTTP_HOST          REMOTE_IDENT
+#   CONTENT_LENGTH          HTTP_NEGOTIATE     REMOTE_USER
+#   CONTENT_TYPE            HTTP_PRAGMA        REQUEST_METHOD
+#   GATEWAY_INTERFACE       HTTP_REFERER       SCRIPT_NAME
+#   HTTP_ACCEPT             HTTP_USER_AGENT    SERVER_NAME
+#   HTTP_ACCEPT_CHARSET     PATH_INFO          SERVER_PORT
+#   HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING    PATH_TRANSLATED    SERVER_PROTOCOL
+#   HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE    QUERY_STRING       SERVER_SOFTWARE
+#   HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL      REMOTE_ADDR
+#   HTTP_FROM               REMOTE_HOST
+#
+#
+# For each of these variables, there is a corresponding attribute with the
+# same name, except all lower case and without a preceding HTTP_.
+# +content_length+ and +server_port+ are integers; the rest are strings.
+#
+# === Parameters
+#
+# The method #params() returns a hash of all parameters in the request as
+# name/value-list pairs, where the value-list is an Array of one or more
+# values.  The CGI object itself also behaves as a hash of parameter names
+# to values, but only returns a single value (as a String) for each
+# parameter name.
+#
+# For instance, suppose the request contains the parameter
+# "favourite_colours" with the multiple values "blue" and "green".  The
+# following behaviour would occur:
+#
+#   cgi.params["favourite_colours"]  # => ["blue", "green"]
+#   cgi["favourite_colours"]         # => "blue"
+#
+# If a parameter does not exist, the former method will return an empty
+# array, the latter an empty string.  The simplest way to test for existence
+# of a parameter is by the #has_key? method.
+#
+# === Cookies
+#
+# HTTP Cookies are automatically parsed from the request.  They are available
+# from the #cookies() accessor, which returns a hash from cookie name to
+# CGI::Cookie object.
+#
+# === Multipart requests
+#
+# If a request's method is POST and its content type is multipart/form-data,
+# then it may contain uploaded files.  These are stored by the QueryExtension
+# module in the parameters of the request.  The parameter name is the name
+# attribute of the file input field, as usual.  However, the value is not
+# a string, but an IO object, either an IOString for small files, or a
+# Tempfile for larger ones.  This object also has the additional singleton
+# methods:
+#
+# #local_path():: the path of the uploaded file on the local filesystem
+# #original_filename():: the name of the file on the client computer
+# #content_type():: the content type of the file
+#
+# == Responses
+#
+# The CGI class provides methods for sending header and content output to
+# the HTTP client, and mixes in methods for programmatic HTML generation
+# from CGI::HtmlExtension and CGI::TagMaker modules.  The precise version of HTML
+# to use for HTML generation is specified at object creation time.
+#
+# === Writing output
+#
+# The simplest way to send output to the HTTP client is using the #out() method.
+# This takes the HTTP headers as a hash parameter, and the body content
+# via a block.  The headers can be generated as a string using the #http_header()
+# method.  The output stream can be written directly to using the #print()
+# method.
+#
+# === Generating HTML
+#
+# Each HTML element has a corresponding method for generating that
+# element as a String.  The name of this method is the same as that
+# of the element, all lowercase.  The attributes of the element are
+# passed in as a hash, and the body as a no-argument block that evaluates
+# to a String.  The HTML generation module knows which elements are
+# always empty, and silently drops any passed-in body.  It also knows
+# which elements require matching closing tags and which don't.  However,
+# it does not know what attributes are legal for which elements.
+#
+# There are also some additional HTML generation methods mixed in from
+# the CGI::HtmlExtension module.  These include individual methods for the
+# different types of form inputs, and methods for elements that commonly
+# take particular attributes where the attributes can be directly specified
+# as arguments, rather than via a hash.
+#
+# === Utility HTML escape and other methods like a function.
+#
+# There are some utility tool defined in cgi/util.rb .
+# And when include, you can use utility methods like a function.
+#
+# == Examples of use
+#
+# === Get form values
+#
+#   require "cgi"
+#   cgi = CGI.new
+#   value = cgi['field_name']   # <== value string for 'field_name'
+#     # if not 'field_name' included, then return "".
+#   fields = cgi.keys            # <== array of field names
+#
+#   # returns true if form has 'field_name'
+#   cgi.has_key?('field_name')
+#   cgi.has_key?('field_name')
+#   cgi.include?('field_name')
+#
+# CAUTION! cgi['field_name'] returned an Array with the old
+# cgi.rb(included in Ruby 1.6)
+#
+# === Get form values as hash
+#
+#   require "cgi"
+#   cgi = CGI.new
+#   params = cgi.params
+#
+# cgi.params is a hash.
+#
+#   cgi.params['new_field_name'] = ["value"]  # add new param
+#   cgi.params['field_name'] = ["new_value"]  # change value
+#   cgi.params.delete('field_name')           # delete param
+#   cgi.params.clear                          # delete all params
+#
+#
+# === Save form values to file
+#
+#   require "pstore"
+#   db = PStore.new("query.db")
+#   db.transaction do
+#     db["params"] = cgi.params
+#   end
+#
+#
+# === Restore form values from file
+#
+#   require "pstore"
+#   db = PStore.new("query.db")
+#   db.transaction do
+#     cgi.params = db["params"]
+#   end
+#
+#
+# === Get multipart form values
+#
+#   require "cgi"
+#   cgi = CGI.new
+#   value = cgi['field_name']   # <== value string for 'field_name'
+#   value.read                  # <== body of value
+#   value.local_path            # <== path to local file of value
+#   value.original_filename     # <== original filename of value
+#   value.content_type          # <== content_type of value
+#
+# and value has StringIO or Tempfile class methods.
+#
+# === Get cookie values
+#
+#   require "cgi"
+#   cgi = CGI.new
+#   values = cgi.cookies['name']  # <== array of 'name'
+#     # if not 'name' included, then return [].
+#   names = cgi.cookies.keys      # <== array of cookie names
+#
+# and cgi.cookies is a hash.
+#
+# === Get cookie objects
+#
+#   require "cgi"
+#   cgi = CGI.new
+#   for name, cookie in cgi.cookies
+#     cookie.expires = Time.now + 30
+#   end
+#   cgi.out("cookie" => cgi.cookies) {"string"}
+#
+#   cgi.cookies # { "name1" => cookie1, "name2" => cookie2, ... }
+#
+#   require "cgi"
+#   cgi = CGI.new
+#   cgi.cookies['name'].expires = Time.now + 30
+#   cgi.out("cookie" => cgi.cookies['name']) {"string"}
+#
+# === Print http header and html string to $DEFAULT_OUTPUT ($>)
+#
+#   require "cgi"
+#   cgi = CGI.new("html4")  # add HTML generation methods
+#   cgi.out do
+#     cgi.html do
+#       cgi.head do
+#         cgi.title { "TITLE" }
+#       end +
+#       cgi.body do
+#         cgi.form("ACTION" => "uri") do
+#           cgi.p do
+#             cgi.textarea("get_text") +
+#             cgi.br +
+#             cgi.submit
+#           end
+#         end +
+#         cgi.pre do
+#           CGI::escapeHTML(
+#             "params: #{cgi.params.inspect}\n" +
+#             "cookies: #{cgi.cookies.inspect}\n" +
+#             ENV.collect do |key, value|
+#               "#{key} --> #{value}\n"
+#             end.join("")
+#           )
+#         end
+#       end
+#     end
+#   end
+#
+#   # add HTML generation methods
+#   CGI.new("html3")    # html3.2
+#   CGI.new("html4")    # html4.01 (Strict)
+#   CGI.new("html4Tr")  # html4.01 Transitional
+#   CGI.new("html4Fr")  # html4.01 Frameset
+#   CGI.new("html5")    # html5
+#
+# === Some utility methods
+#
+#   require 'cgi/util'
+#   CGI.escapeHTML('Usage: foo "bar" <baz>')
+#
+#
+# === Some utility methods like a function
+#
+#   require 'cgi/util'
+#   include CGI::Util
+#   escapeHTML('Usage: foo "bar" <baz>')
+#   h('Usage: foo "bar" <baz>') # alias
+#
+#
+
+class CGI
+end
+
+require 'cgi/core'
+require 'cgi/cookie'
+require 'cgi/util'
+CGI.autoload(:HtmlExtension, 'cgi/html')