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diff --git a/jni/ruby/lib/rubygems/specification.rb b/jni/ruby/lib/rubygems/specification.rb
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+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+#--
+# Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
+# All rights reserved.
+# See LICENSE.txt for permissions.
+#++
+
+
+require 'rubygems/version'
+require 'rubygems/requirement'
+require 'rubygems/platform'
+require 'rubygems/deprecate'
+require 'rubygems/basic_specification'
+require 'rubygems/stub_specification'
+require 'rubygems/util/stringio'
+
+##
+# The Specification class contains the information for a Gem.  Typically
+# defined in a .gemspec file or a Rakefile, and looks like this:
+#
+#   Gem::Specification.new do |s|
+#     s.name        = 'example'
+#     s.version     = '0.1.0'
+#     s.licenses    = ['MIT']
+#     s.summary     = "This is an example!"
+#     s.description = "Much longer explanation of the example!"
+#     s.authors     = ["Ruby Coder"]
+#     s.email       = 'rubycoder@example.com'
+#     s.files       = ["lib/example.rb"]
+#     s.homepage    = 'https://rubygems.org/gems/example'
+#   end
+#
+# Starting in RubyGems 2.0, a Specification can hold arbitrary
+# metadata.  See #metadata for restrictions on the format and size of metadata
+# items you may add to a specification.
+
+class Gem::Specification < Gem::BasicSpecification
+
+  # REFACTOR: Consider breaking out this version stuff into a separate
+  # module. There's enough special stuff around it that it may justify
+  # a separate class.
+
+  ##
+  # The version number of a specification that does not specify one
+  # (i.e. RubyGems 0.7 or earlier).
+
+  NONEXISTENT_SPECIFICATION_VERSION = -1
+
+  ##
+  # The specification version applied to any new Specification instances
+  # created.  This should be bumped whenever something in the spec format
+  # changes.
+  #
+  # Specification Version History:
+  #
+  #   spec   ruby
+  #    ver    ver yyyy-mm-dd description
+  #     -1 <0.8.0            pre-spec-version-history
+  #      1  0.8.0 2004-08-01 Deprecated "test_suite_file" for "test_files"
+  #                          "test_file=x" is a shortcut for "test_files=[x]"
+  #      2  0.9.5 2007-10-01 Added "required_rubygems_version"
+  #                          Now forward-compatible with future versions
+  #      3  1.3.2 2009-01-03 Added Fixnum validation to specification_version
+  #      4  1.9.0 2011-06-07 Added metadata
+  #--
+  # When updating this number, be sure to also update #to_ruby.
+  #
+  # NOTE RubyGems < 1.2 cannot load specification versions > 2.
+
+  CURRENT_SPECIFICATION_VERSION = 4 # :nodoc:
+
+  ##
+  # An informal list of changes to the specification.  The highest-valued
+  # key should be equal to the CURRENT_SPECIFICATION_VERSION.
+
+  SPECIFICATION_VERSION_HISTORY = { # :nodoc:
+    -1 => ['(RubyGems versions up to and including 0.7 did not have versioned specifications)'],
+    1  => [
+      'Deprecated "test_suite_file" in favor of the new, but equivalent, "test_files"',
+      '"test_file=x" is a shortcut for "test_files=[x]"'
+    ],
+    2  => [
+      'Added "required_rubygems_version"',
+      'Now forward-compatible with future versions',
+    ],
+    3 => [
+       'Added Fixnum validation to the specification_version'
+    ],
+    4 => [
+      'Added sandboxed freeform metadata to the specification version.'
+    ]
+  }
+
+  MARSHAL_FIELDS = { # :nodoc:
+    -1 => 16,
+     1 => 16,
+     2 => 16,
+     3 => 17,
+     4 => 18,
+  }
+
+  today = Time.now.utc
+  TODAY = Time.utc(today.year, today.month, today.day) # :nodoc:
+
+  LOAD_CACHE = {} # :nodoc:
+
+  private_constant :LOAD_CACHE if defined? private_constant
+
+  # :startdoc:
+
+  ##
+  # List of attribute names: [:name, :version, ...]
+
+  @@required_attributes = [:rubygems_version,
+                           :specification_version,
+                           :name,
+                           :version,
+                           :date,
+                           :summary,
+                           :require_paths]
+
+  ##
+  # Map of attribute names to default values.
+
+  @@default_value = {
+    :authors                   => [],
+    :autorequire               => nil,
+    :bindir                    => 'bin',
+    :cert_chain                => [],
+    :date                      => TODAY,
+    :dependencies              => [],
+    :description               => nil,
+    :email                     => nil,
+    :executables               => [],
+    :extensions                => [],
+    :extra_rdoc_files          => [],
+    :files                     => [],
+    :homepage                  => nil,
+    :licenses                  => [],
+    :metadata                  => {},
+    :name                      => nil,
+    :platform                  => Gem::Platform::RUBY,
+    :post_install_message      => nil,
+    :rdoc_options              => [],
+    :require_paths             => ['lib'],
+    :required_ruby_version     => Gem::Requirement.default,
+    :required_rubygems_version => Gem::Requirement.default,
+    :requirements              => [],
+    :rubyforge_project         => nil,
+    :rubygems_version          => Gem::VERSION,
+    :signing_key               => nil,
+    :specification_version     => CURRENT_SPECIFICATION_VERSION,
+    :summary                   => nil,
+    :test_files                => [],
+    :version                   => nil,
+  }
+
+  Dupable = { } # :nodoc:
+
+  @@default_value.each do |k,v|
+    case v
+    when Time, Numeric, Symbol, true, false, nil
+      Dupable[k] = false
+    else
+      Dupable[k] = true
+    end
+  end
+
+  @@attributes = @@default_value.keys.sort_by { |s| s.to_s }
+  @@array_attributes = @@default_value.reject { |k,v| v != [] }.keys
+  @@nil_attributes, @@non_nil_attributes = @@default_value.keys.partition { |k|
+    @@default_value[k].nil?
+  }
+
+  ######################################################################
+  # :section: Required gemspec attributes
+
+  ##
+  # This gem's name.
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #   spec.name = 'rake'
+
+  attr_accessor :name
+
+  ##
+  # This gem's version.
+  #
+  # The version string can contain numbers and periods, such as +1.0.0+.
+  # A gem is a 'prerelease' gem if the version has a letter in it, such as
+  # +1.0.0.pre+.
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #   spec.version = '0.4.1'
+
+  attr_reader :version
+
+  ##
+  # Paths in the gem to add to <code>$LOAD_PATH</code> when this gem is
+  # activated.
+  #
+  # See also #require_paths
+  #
+  # If you have an extension you do not need to add <code>"ext"</code> to the
+  # require path, the extension build process will copy the extension files
+  # into "lib" for you.
+  #
+  # The default value is <code>"lib"</code>
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #   # If all library files are in the root directory...
+  #   spec.require_paths = ['.']
+
+  def require_paths=(val)
+    @require_paths = Array(val)
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # The version of RubyGems used to create this gem.
+  #
+  # Do not set this, it is set automatically when the gem is packaged.
+
+  attr_accessor :rubygems_version
+
+  ##
+  # A short summary of this gem's description.  Displayed in `gem list -d`.
+  #
+  # The #description should be more detailed than the summary.
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #   spec.summary = "This is a small summary of my gem"
+
+  attr_reader :summary
+
+  ##
+  # Singular writer for #authors
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #   spec.author = 'John Jones'
+
+  def author= o
+    self.authors = [o]
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Sets the list of authors, ensuring it is an array.
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #   spec.authors = ['John Jones', 'Mary Smith']
+
+  def authors= value
+    @authors = Array(value).flatten.grep(String)
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # The platform this gem runs on.
+  #
+  # This is usually Gem::Platform::RUBY or Gem::Platform::CURRENT.
+  #
+  # Most gems contain pure Ruby code; they should simply leave the default
+  # value in place.  Some gems contain C (or other) code to be compiled into a
+  # Ruby "extension".  The gem should leave the default value in place unless
+  # the code will only compile on a certain type of system.  Some gems consist
+  # of pre-compiled code ("binary gems").  It's especially important that they
+  # set the platform attribute appropriately.  A shortcut is to set the
+  # platform to Gem::Platform::CURRENT, which will cause the gem builder to set
+  # the platform to the appropriate value for the system on which the build is
+  # being performed.
+  #
+  # If this attribute is set to a non-default value, it will be included in
+  # the filename of the gem when it is built such as:
+  # nokogiri-1.6.0-x86-mingw32.gem
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #   spec.platform = Gem::Platform.local
+
+  def platform= platform
+    if @original_platform.nil? or
+       @original_platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY then
+      @original_platform = platform
+    end
+
+    case platform
+    when Gem::Platform::CURRENT then
+      @new_platform = Gem::Platform.local
+      @original_platform = @new_platform.to_s
+
+    when Gem::Platform then
+      @new_platform = platform
+
+    # legacy constants
+    when nil, Gem::Platform::RUBY then
+      @new_platform = Gem::Platform::RUBY
+    when 'mswin32' then # was Gem::Platform::WIN32
+      @new_platform = Gem::Platform.new 'x86-mswin32'
+    when 'i586-linux' then # was Gem::Platform::LINUX_586
+      @new_platform = Gem::Platform.new 'x86-linux'
+    when 'powerpc-darwin' then # was Gem::Platform::DARWIN
+      @new_platform = Gem::Platform.new 'ppc-darwin'
+    else
+      @new_platform = Gem::Platform.new platform
+    end
+
+    @platform = @new_platform.to_s
+
+    invalidate_memoized_attributes
+
+    @new_platform
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Files included in this gem.  You cannot append to this accessor, you must
+  # assign to it.
+  #
+  # Only add files you can require to this list, not directories, etc.
+  #
+  # Directories are automatically stripped from this list when building a gem,
+  # other non-files cause an error.
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #   require 'rake'
+  #   spec.files = FileList['lib/**/*.rb',
+  #                         'bin/*',
+  #                         '[A-Z]*',
+  #                         'test/**/*'].to_a
+  #
+  #   # or without Rake...
+  #   spec.files = Dir['lib/**/*.rb'] + Dir['bin/*']
+  #   spec.files += Dir['[A-Z]*'] + Dir['test/**/*']
+  #   spec.files.reject! { |fn| fn.include? "CVS" }
+
+  def files
+    # DO NOT CHANGE TO ||= ! This is not a normal accessor. (yes, it sucks)
+    # DOC: Why isn't it normal? Why does it suck? How can we fix this?
+    @files = [@files,
+              @test_files,
+              add_bindir(@executables),
+              @extra_rdoc_files,
+              @extensions,
+             ].flatten.uniq.compact.sort
+  end
+
+  ######################################################################
+  # :section: Optional gemspec attributes
+
+  ##
+  # The path in the gem for executable scripts.  Usually 'bin'
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #   spec.bindir = 'bin'
+
+  attr_accessor :bindir
+
+  ##
+  # The certificate chain used to sign this gem.  See Gem::Security for
+  # details.
+
+  attr_accessor :cert_chain
+
+  ##
+  # A long description of this gem
+  #
+  # The description should be more detailed than the summary but not
+  # excessively long.  A few paragraphs is a recommended length with no
+  # examples or formatting.
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #   spec.description = <<-EOF
+  #     Rake is a Make-like program implemented in Ruby. Tasks and
+  #     dependencies are specified in standard Ruby syntax.
+  #   EOF
+
+  attr_reader :description
+
+  ##
+  # A contact email address (or addresses) for this gem
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #   spec.email = 'john.jones@example.com'
+  #   spec.email = ['jack@example.com', 'jill@example.com']
+
+  attr_accessor :email
+
+  ##
+  # The URL of this gem's home page
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #   spec.homepage = 'http://rake.rubyforge.org'
+
+  attr_accessor :homepage
+
+  ##
+  # A message that gets displayed after the gem is installed.
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #   spec.post_install_message = "Thanks for installing!"
+
+  attr_accessor :post_install_message
+
+  ##
+  # The version of Ruby required by this gem
+
+  attr_reader :required_ruby_version
+
+  ##
+  # The RubyGems version required by this gem
+
+  attr_reader :required_rubygems_version
+
+  ##
+  # The key used to sign this gem.  See Gem::Security for details.
+
+  attr_accessor :signing_key
+
+  ##
+  # :attr_accessor: metadata
+  #
+  # The metadata holds extra data for this gem that may be useful to other
+  # consumers and is settable by gem authors without requiring an update to
+  # the rubygems software.
+  #
+  # Metadata items have the following restrictions:
+  #
+  # * The metadata must be a Hash object
+  # * All keys and values must be Strings
+  # * Keys can be a maximum of 128 bytes and values can be a maximum of 1024
+  #   bytes
+  # * All strings must be UTF-8, no binary data is allowed
+  #
+  # To add metadata for the location of a issue tracker:
+  #
+  #   s.metadata = { "issue_tracker" => "https://example/issues" }
+
+  attr_accessor :metadata
+
+  ##
+  # Adds a development dependency named +gem+ with +requirements+ to this
+  # gem.
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #   spec.add_development_dependency 'example', '~> 1.1', '>= 1.1.4'
+  #
+  # Development dependencies aren't installed by default and aren't
+  # activated when a gem is required.
+
+  def add_development_dependency(gem, *requirements)
+    add_dependency_with_type(gem, :development, *requirements)
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Adds a runtime dependency named +gem+ with +requirements+ to this gem.
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #   spec.add_runtime_dependency 'example', '~> 1.1', '>= 1.1.4'
+
+  def add_runtime_dependency(gem, *requirements)
+    add_dependency_with_type(gem, :runtime, *requirements)
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Executables included in the gem.
+  #
+  # For example, the rake gem has rake as an executable. You don’t specify the
+  # full path (as in bin/rake); all application-style files are expected to be
+  # found in bindir.  These files must be executable Ruby files.  Files that
+  # use bash or other interpreters will not work.
+  #
+  # Executables included may only be ruby scripts, not scripts for other
+  # languages or compiled binaries.
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #   spec.executables << 'rake'
+
+  def executables
+    @executables ||= []
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Extensions to build when installing the gem, specifically the paths to
+  # extconf.rb-style files used to compile extensions.
+  #
+  # These files will be run when the gem is installed, causing the C (or
+  # whatever) code to be compiled on the user’s machine.
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #  spec.extensions << 'ext/rmagic/extconf.rb'
+  #
+  # See Gem::Ext::Builder for information about writing extensions for gems.
+
+  def extensions
+    @extensions ||= []
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Extra files to add to RDoc such as README or doc/examples.txt
+  #
+  # When the user elects to generate the RDoc documentation for a gem (typically
+  # at install time), all the library files are sent to RDoc for processing.
+  # This option allows you to have some non-code files included for a more
+  # complete set of documentation.
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #  spec.extra_rdoc_files = ['README', 'doc/user-guide.txt']
+
+  def extra_rdoc_files
+    @extra_rdoc_files ||= []
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # The version of RubyGems that installed this gem.  Returns
+  # <code>Gem::Version.new(0)</code> for gems installed by versions earlier
+  # than RubyGems 2.2.0.
+
+  def installed_by_version # :nodoc:
+    @installed_by_version ||= Gem::Version.new(0)
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Sets the version of RubyGems that installed this gem.  See also
+  # #installed_by_version.
+
+  def installed_by_version= version # :nodoc:
+    @installed_by_version = Gem::Version.new version
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # :category: Recommended gemspec attributes
+  #
+  # The license for this gem.
+  #
+  # The license must be no more than 64 characters.
+  #
+  # This should just be the name of your license. The full text of the license
+  # should be inside of the gem (at the top level) when you build it.
+  #
+  # The simplest way, is to specify the standard SPDX ID
+  # https://spdx.org/licenses/ for the license.
+  # Ideally you should pick one that is OSI (Open Source Initiative)
+  # http://opensource.org/licenses/alphabetical approved.
+  #
+  # The most commonly used OSI approved licenses are BSD-3-Clause and MIT.
+  # GitHub also provides a license picker at http://choosealicense.com/.
+  #
+  # You should specify a license for your gem so that people know how they are
+  # permitted to use it, and any restrictions you're placing on it.  Not
+  # specifying a license means all rights are reserved; others have no rights
+  # to use the code for any purpose.
+  #
+  # You can set multiple licenses with #licenses=
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #   spec.license = 'MIT'
+
+  def license=o
+    self.licenses = [o]
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # :category: Recommended gemspec attributes
+  # The license(s) for the library.
+  #
+  # Each license must be a short name, no more than 64 characters.
+  #
+  # This should just be the name of your license. The full
+  # text of the license should be inside of the gem when you build it.
+  #
+  # See #license= for more discussion
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #   spec.licenses = ['MIT', 'GPL-2']
+
+  def licenses= licenses
+    @licenses = Array licenses
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Specifies the rdoc options to be used when generating API documentation.
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #   spec.rdoc_options << '--title' << 'Rake -- Ruby Make' <<
+  #     '--main' << 'README' <<
+  #     '--line-numbers'
+
+  def rdoc_options
+    @rdoc_options ||= []
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # The version of Ruby required by this gem.  The ruby version can be
+  # specified to the patch-level:
+  #
+  #   $ ruby -v -e 'p Gem.ruby_version'
+  #   ruby 2.0.0p247 (2013-06-27 revision 41674) [x86_64-darwin12.4.0]
+  #   #<Gem::Version "2.0.0.247">
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #  # This gem will work with 1.8.6 or greater...
+  #  spec.required_ruby_version = '>= 1.8.6'
+  #
+  #  # Only with ruby 2.0.x
+  #  spec.required_ruby_version = '~> 2.0'
+
+  def required_ruby_version= req
+    @required_ruby_version = Gem::Requirement.create req
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # The RubyGems version required by this gem
+
+  def required_rubygems_version= req
+    @required_rubygems_version = Gem::Requirement.create req
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Lists the external (to RubyGems) requirements that must be met for this gem
+  # to work.  It's simply information for the user.
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #
+  #   spec.requirements << 'libmagick, v6.0'
+  #   spec.requirements << 'A good graphics card'
+
+  def requirements
+    @requirements ||= []
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # A collection of unit test files.  They will be loaded as unit tests when
+  # the user requests a gem to be unit tested.
+  #
+  # Usage:
+  #   spec.test_files = Dir.glob('test/tc_*.rb')
+  #   spec.test_files = ['tests/test-suite.rb']
+
+  def test_files= files # :nodoc:
+    @test_files = Array files
+  end
+
+  ######################################################################
+  # :section: Specification internals
+
+  ##
+  # True when this gemspec has been activated. This attribute is not persisted.
+
+  attr_accessor :activated
+
+  alias :activated? :activated
+
+  ##
+  # Autorequire was used by old RubyGems to automatically require a file.
+  #
+  # Deprecated: It is neither supported nor functional.
+
+  attr_accessor :autorequire # :nodoc:
+
+  ##
+  # Sets the default executable for this gem.
+  #
+  # Deprecated: You must now specify the executable name to  Gem.bin_path.
+
+  attr_writer :default_executable
+
+  ##
+  # Allows deinstallation of gems with legacy platforms.
+
+  attr_writer :original_platform # :nodoc:
+
+  ##
+  # The rubyforge project this gem lives under.  i.e. RubyGems'
+  # rubyforge_project is "rubygems".
+  #
+  # This option is deprecated.
+
+  attr_accessor :rubyforge_project
+
+  ##
+  # The Gem::Specification version of this gemspec.
+  #
+  # Do not set this, it is set automatically when the gem is packaged.
+
+  attr_accessor :specification_version
+
+  def self._all # :nodoc:
+    unless defined?(@@all) && @@all then
+      @@all = stubs.map(&:to_spec)
+
+      # After a reset, make sure already loaded specs
+      # are still marked as activated.
+      specs = {}
+      Gem.loaded_specs.each_value{|s| specs[s] = true}
+      @@all.each{|s| s.activated = true if specs[s]}
+    end
+    @@all
+  end
+
+  def self._clear_load_cache # :nodoc:
+    LOAD_CACHE.clear
+  end
+
+  def self.each_gemspec(dirs) # :nodoc:
+    dirs.each do |dir|
+      Dir[File.join(dir, "*.gemspec")].each do |path|
+        yield path.untaint
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def self.each_stub(dirs) # :nodoc:
+    each_gemspec(dirs) do |path|
+      stub = Gem::StubSpecification.new(path)
+      yield stub if stub.valid?
+    end
+  end
+
+  def self.each_spec(dirs) # :nodoc:
+    each_gemspec(dirs) do |path|
+      spec = self.load path
+      yield spec if spec
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns a Gem::StubSpecification for every installed gem
+
+  def self.stubs
+    @@stubs ||= begin
+      stubs = {}
+      each_stub([default_specifications_dir] + dirs) do |stub|
+        stubs[stub.full_name] ||= stub
+      end
+
+      stubs = stubs.values
+      _resort!(stubs)
+      stubs
+    end
+  end
+
+  def self._resort!(specs) # :nodoc:
+    specs.sort! { |a, b|
+      names = a.name <=> b.name
+      next names if names.nonzero?
+      b.version <=> a.version
+    }
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Loads the default specifications. It should be called only once.
+
+  def self.load_defaults
+    each_spec([default_specifications_dir]) do |spec|
+      # #load returns nil if the spec is bad, so we just ignore
+      # it at this stage
+      Gem.register_default_spec(spec)
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Adds +spec+ to the known specifications, keeping the collection
+  # properly sorted.
+
+  def self.add_spec spec
+    # TODO: find all extraneous adds
+    # puts
+    # p :add_spec => [spec.full_name, caller.reject { |s| s =~ /minitest/ }]
+
+    # TODO: flush the rest of the crap from the tests
+    # raise "no dupes #{spec.full_name} in #{all_names.inspect}" if
+    #   _all.include? spec
+
+    raise "nil spec!" unless spec # TODO: remove once we're happy with tests
+
+    return if _all.include? spec
+
+    _all << spec
+    stubs << spec
+    _resort!(_all)
+    _resort!(stubs)
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Adds multiple specs to the known specifications.
+
+  def self.add_specs *specs
+    raise "nil spec!" if specs.any?(&:nil?) # TODO: remove once we're happy
+
+    # TODO: this is much more efficient, but we need the extra checks for now
+    # _all.concat specs
+    # _resort!
+
+    specs.each do |spec| # TODO: slow
+      add_spec spec
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns all specifications. This method is discouraged from use.
+  # You probably want to use one of the Enumerable methods instead.
+
+  def self.all
+    warn "NOTE: Specification.all called from #{caller.first}" unless
+      Gem::Deprecate.skip
+    _all
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Sets the known specs to +specs+. Not guaranteed to work for you in
+  # the future. Use at your own risk. Caveat emptor. Doomy doom doom.
+  # Etc etc.
+  #
+  #--
+  # Makes +specs+ the known specs
+  # Listen, time is a river
+  # Winter comes, code breaks
+  #
+  # -- wilsonb
+
+  def self.all= specs
+    @@all = @@stubs = specs
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Return full names of all specs in sorted order.
+
+  def self.all_names
+    self._all.map(&:full_name)
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Return the list of all array-oriented instance variables.
+  #--
+  # Not sure why we need to use so much stupid reflection in here...
+
+  def self.array_attributes
+    @@array_attributes.dup
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Return the list of all instance variables.
+  #--
+  # Not sure why we need to use so much stupid reflection in here...
+
+  def self.attribute_names
+    @@attributes.dup
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Return the directories that Specification uses to find specs.
+
+  def self.dirs
+    @@dirs ||= Gem.path.collect { |dir|
+      File.join dir.dup.untaint, "specifications"
+    }
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Set the directories that Specification uses to find specs. Setting
+  # this resets the list of known specs.
+
+  def self.dirs= dirs
+    self.reset
+
+    @@dirs = Array(dirs).map { |dir| File.join dir, "specifications" }
+  end
+
+  extend Enumerable
+
+  ##
+  # Enumerate every known spec.  See ::dirs= and ::add_spec to set the list of
+  # specs.
+
+  def self.each
+    return enum_for(:each) unless block_given?
+
+    self._all.each do |x|
+      yield x
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns every spec that matches +name+ and optional +requirements+.
+
+  def self.find_all_by_name name, *requirements
+    requirements = Gem::Requirement.default if requirements.empty?
+
+    # TODO: maybe try: find_all { |s| spec === dep }
+
+    Gem::Dependency.new(name, *requirements).matching_specs
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Find the best specification matching a +name+ and +requirements+. Raises
+  # if the dependency doesn't resolve to a valid specification.
+
+  def self.find_by_name name, *requirements
+    requirements = Gem::Requirement.default if requirements.empty?
+
+    # TODO: maybe try: find { |s| spec === dep }
+
+    Gem::Dependency.new(name, *requirements).to_spec
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Return the best specification that contains the file matching +path+.
+
+  def self.find_by_path path
+    self.find { |spec|
+      spec.contains_requirable_file? path
+    }
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Return the best specification that contains the file matching +path+
+  # amongst the specs that are not activated.
+
+  def self.find_inactive_by_path path
+    stub = stubs.find { |s|
+      s.contains_requirable_file? path unless s.activated?
+    }
+    stub && stub.to_spec
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Return currently unresolved specs that contain the file matching +path+.
+
+  def self.find_in_unresolved path
+    # TODO: do we need these?? Kill it
+    specs = unresolved_deps.values.map { |dep| dep.to_specs }.flatten
+
+    specs.find_all { |spec| spec.contains_requirable_file? path }
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Search through all unresolved deps and sub-dependencies and return
+  # specs that contain the file matching +path+.
+
+  def self.find_in_unresolved_tree path
+    specs = unresolved_deps.values.map { |dep| dep.to_specs }.flatten
+
+    specs.reverse_each do |spec|
+      trails = []
+      spec.traverse do |from_spec, dep, to_spec, trail|
+        next unless to_spec.conflicts.empty?
+        trails << trail if to_spec.contains_requirable_file? path
+      end
+
+      next if trails.empty?
+
+      return trails.map(&:reverse).sort.first.reverse
+    end
+
+    []
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Special loader for YAML files.  When a Specification object is loaded
+  # from a YAML file, it bypasses the normal Ruby object initialization
+  # routine (#initialize).  This method makes up for that and deals with
+  # gems of different ages.
+  #
+  # +input+ can be anything that YAML.load() accepts: String or IO.
+
+  def self.from_yaml(input)
+    Gem.load_yaml
+
+    input = normalize_yaml_input input
+    spec = YAML.load input
+
+    if spec && spec.class == FalseClass then
+      raise Gem::EndOfYAMLException
+    end
+
+    unless Gem::Specification === spec then
+      raise Gem::Exception, "YAML data doesn't evaluate to gem specification"
+    end
+
+    spec.specification_version ||= NONEXISTENT_SPECIFICATION_VERSION
+    spec.reset_nil_attributes_to_default
+
+    spec
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Return the latest specs, optionally including prerelease specs if
+  # +prerelease+ is true.
+
+  def self.latest_specs prerelease = false
+    result = Hash.new { |h,k| h[k] = {} }
+    native = {}
+
+    Gem::Specification.reverse_each do |spec|
+      next if spec.version.prerelease? unless prerelease
+
+      native[spec.name] = spec.version if spec.platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY
+      result[spec.name][spec.platform] = spec
+    end
+
+    result.map(&:last).map(&:values).flatten.reject { |spec|
+      minimum = native[spec.name]
+      minimum && spec.version < minimum
+    }.sort_by{ |tup| tup.name }
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Loads Ruby format gemspec from +file+.
+
+  def self.load file
+    return unless file
+    file = file.dup.untaint
+    return unless File.file?(file)
+
+    spec = LOAD_CACHE[file]
+    return spec if spec
+
+    code = if defined? Encoding
+             File.read file, :mode => 'r:UTF-8:-'
+           else
+             File.read file
+           end
+
+    code.untaint
+
+    begin
+      spec = eval code, binding, file
+
+      if Gem::Specification === spec
+        spec.loaded_from = File.expand_path file.to_s
+        LOAD_CACHE[file] = spec
+        return spec
+      end
+
+      warn "[#{file}] isn't a Gem::Specification (#{spec.class} instead)."
+    rescue SignalException, SystemExit
+      raise
+    rescue SyntaxError, Exception => e
+      warn "Invalid gemspec in [#{file}]: #{e}"
+    end
+
+    nil
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Specification attributes that must be non-nil
+
+  def self.non_nil_attributes
+    @@non_nil_attributes.dup
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Make sure the YAML specification is properly formatted with dashes
+
+  def self.normalize_yaml_input(input)
+    result = input.respond_to?(:read) ? input.read : input
+    result = "--- " + result unless result =~ /\A--- /
+    result.gsub!(/ !!null \n/, " \n")
+    # date: 2011-04-26 00:00:00.000000000Z
+    # date: 2011-04-26 00:00:00.000000000 Z
+    result.gsub!(/^(date: \d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}\.\d+?)Z/, '\1 Z')
+    result
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Return a list of all outdated local gem names.  This method is HEAVY
+  # as it must go fetch specifications from the server.
+  #
+  # Use outdated_and_latest_version if you wish to retrieve the latest remote
+  # version as well.
+
+  def self.outdated
+    outdated_and_latest_version.map { |local, _| local.name }
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Enumerates the outdated local gems yielding the local specification and
+  # the latest remote version.
+  #
+  # This method may take some time to return as it must check each local gem
+  # against the server's index.
+
+  def self.outdated_and_latest_version
+    return enum_for __method__ unless block_given?
+
+    # TODO: maybe we should switch to rubygems' version service?
+    fetcher = Gem::SpecFetcher.fetcher
+
+    latest_specs(true).each do |local_spec|
+      dependency =
+        Gem::Dependency.new local_spec.name, ">= #{local_spec.version}"
+
+      remotes, = fetcher.search_for_dependency dependency
+      remotes  = remotes.map { |n, _| n.version }
+
+      latest_remote = remotes.sort.last
+
+      yield [local_spec, latest_remote] if
+        latest_remote and local_spec.version < latest_remote
+    end
+
+    nil
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Removes +spec+ from the known specs.
+
+  def self.remove_spec spec
+    _all.delete spec
+    stubs.delete_if { |s| s.full_name == spec.full_name }
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Is +name+ a required attribute?
+
+  def self.required_attribute?(name)
+    @@required_attributes.include? name.to_sym
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Required specification attributes
+
+  def self.required_attributes
+    @@required_attributes.dup
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Reset the list of known specs, running pre and post reset hooks
+  # registered in Gem.
+
+  def self.reset
+    @@dirs = nil
+    Gem.pre_reset_hooks.each { |hook| hook.call }
+    @@all = nil
+    @@stubs = nil
+    _clear_load_cache
+    unresolved = unresolved_deps
+    unless unresolved.empty? then
+      w = "W" + "ARN"
+      warn "#{w}: Unresolved specs during Gem::Specification.reset:"
+      unresolved.values.each do |dep|
+        warn "      #{dep}"
+      end
+      warn "#{w}: Clearing out unresolved specs."
+      warn "Please report a bug if this causes problems."
+      unresolved.clear
+    end
+    Gem.post_reset_hooks.each { |hook| hook.call }
+  end
+
+  # DOC: This method needs documented or nodoc'd
+  def self.unresolved_deps
+    @unresolved_deps ||= Hash.new { |h, n| h[n] = Gem::Dependency.new n }
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Load custom marshal format, re-initializing defaults as needed
+
+  def self._load(str)
+    array = Marshal.load str
+
+    spec = Gem::Specification.new
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@specification_version, array[1]
+
+    current_version = CURRENT_SPECIFICATION_VERSION
+
+    field_count = if spec.specification_version > current_version then
+                    spec.instance_variable_set :@specification_version,
+                                               current_version
+                    MARSHAL_FIELDS[current_version]
+                  else
+                    MARSHAL_FIELDS[spec.specification_version]
+                  end
+
+    if array.size < field_count then
+      raise TypeError, "invalid Gem::Specification format #{array.inspect}"
+    end
+
+    # Cleanup any YAML::PrivateType. They only show up for an old bug
+    # where nil => null, so just convert them to nil based on the type.
+
+    array.map! { |e| e.kind_of?(YAML::PrivateType) ? nil : e }
+
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@rubygems_version,          array[0]
+    # spec version
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@name,                      array[2]
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@version,                   array[3]
+    spec.date =                                             array[4]
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@summary,                   array[5]
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@required_ruby_version,     array[6]
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@required_rubygems_version, array[7]
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@original_platform,         array[8]
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@dependencies,              array[9]
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@rubyforge_project,         array[10]
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@email,                     array[11]
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@authors,                   array[12]
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@description,               array[13]
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@homepage,                  array[14]
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@has_rdoc,                  array[15]
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@new_platform,              array[16]
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@platform,                  array[16].to_s
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@license,                   array[17]
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@metadata,                  array[18]
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@loaded,                    false
+    spec.instance_variable_set :@activated,                 false
+
+    spec
+  end
+
+  def <=>(other) # :nodoc:
+    sort_obj <=> other.sort_obj
+  end
+
+  def == other # :nodoc:
+    self.class === other &&
+      name == other.name &&
+      version == other.version &&
+      platform == other.platform
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Dump only crucial instance variables.
+  #--
+  # MAINTAIN ORDER!
+  # (down with the man)
+
+  def _dump(limit)
+    Marshal.dump [
+      @rubygems_version,
+      @specification_version,
+      @name,
+      @version,
+      date,
+      @summary,
+      @required_ruby_version,
+      @required_rubygems_version,
+      @original_platform,
+      @dependencies,
+      @rubyforge_project,
+      @email,
+      @authors,
+      @description,
+      @homepage,
+      true, # has_rdoc
+      @new_platform,
+      @licenses,
+      @metadata
+    ]
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Activate this spec, registering it as a loaded spec and adding
+  # it's lib paths to $LOAD_PATH. Returns true if the spec was
+  # activated, false if it was previously activated. Freaks out if
+  # there are conflicts upon activation.
+
+  def activate
+    other = Gem.loaded_specs[self.name]
+    if other then
+      check_version_conflict other
+      return false
+    end
+
+    raise_if_conflicts
+
+    activate_dependencies
+    add_self_to_load_path
+
+    Gem.loaded_specs[self.name] = self
+    @activated = true
+    @loaded = true
+
+    return true
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Activate all unambiguously resolved runtime dependencies of this
+  # spec. Add any ambiguous dependencies to the unresolved list to be
+  # resolved later, as needed.
+
+  def activate_dependencies
+    unresolved = Gem::Specification.unresolved_deps
+
+    self.runtime_dependencies.each do |spec_dep|
+      if loaded = Gem.loaded_specs[spec_dep.name]
+        next if spec_dep.matches_spec? loaded
+
+        msg = "can't satisfy '#{spec_dep}', already activated '#{loaded.full_name}'"
+        e = Gem::LoadError.new msg
+        e.name = spec_dep.name
+
+        raise e
+      end
+
+      specs = spec_dep.to_specs
+
+      if specs.size == 1 then
+        specs.first.activate
+      else
+        name = spec_dep.name
+        unresolved[name] = unresolved[name].merge spec_dep
+      end
+    end
+
+    unresolved.delete self.name
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns an array with bindir attached to each executable in the
+  # +executables+ list
+
+  def add_bindir(executables)
+    return nil if executables.nil?
+
+    if @bindir then
+      Array(executables).map { |e| File.join(@bindir, e) }
+    else
+      executables
+    end
+  rescue
+    return nil
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Adds a dependency on gem +dependency+ with type +type+ that requires
+  # +requirements+.  Valid types are currently <tt>:runtime</tt> and
+  # <tt>:development</tt>.
+
+  def add_dependency_with_type(dependency, type, *requirements)
+    requirements = if requirements.empty? then
+                     Gem::Requirement.default
+                   else
+                     requirements.flatten
+                   end
+
+    unless dependency.respond_to?(:name) &&
+           dependency.respond_to?(:version_requirements)
+      dependency = Gem::Dependency.new(dependency.to_s, requirements, type)
+    end
+
+    dependencies << dependency
+  end
+
+  private :add_dependency_with_type
+
+  alias add_dependency add_runtime_dependency
+
+  ##
+  # Adds this spec's require paths to LOAD_PATH, in the proper location.
+
+  def add_self_to_load_path
+    return if default_gem?
+
+    paths = full_require_paths
+
+    # gem directories must come after -I and ENV['RUBYLIB']
+    insert_index = Gem.load_path_insert_index
+
+    if insert_index then
+      # gem directories must come after -I and ENV['RUBYLIB']
+      $LOAD_PATH.insert(insert_index, *paths)
+    else
+      # we are probably testing in core, -I and RUBYLIB don't apply
+      $LOAD_PATH.unshift(*paths)
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Singular reader for #authors.  Returns the first author in the list
+
+  def author
+    val = authors and val.first
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # The list of author names who wrote this gem.
+  #
+  #   spec.authors = ['Chad Fowler', 'Jim Weirich', 'Rich Kilmer']
+
+  def authors
+    @authors ||= []
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns the full path to installed gem's bin directory.
+  #
+  # NOTE: do not confuse this with +bindir+, which is just 'bin', not
+  # a full path.
+
+  def bin_dir
+    @bin_dir ||= File.join gem_dir, bindir # TODO: this is unfortunate
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns the full path to an executable named +name+ in this gem.
+
+  def bin_file name
+    File.join bin_dir, name
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns the build_args used to install the gem
+
+  def build_args
+    if File.exist? build_info_file
+      build_info = File.readlines build_info_file
+      build_info = build_info.map { |x| x.strip }
+      build_info.delete ""
+      build_info
+    else
+      []
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Builds extensions for this platform if the gem has extensions listed and
+  # the gem.build_complete file is missing.
+
+  def build_extensions # :nodoc:
+    return if default_gem?
+    return if extensions.empty?
+    return if installed_by_version < Gem::Version.new('2.2.0.preview.2')
+    return if File.exist? gem_build_complete_path
+    return if !File.writable?(base_dir)
+    return if !File.exist?(File.join(base_dir, 'extensions'))
+
+    begin
+      # We need to require things in $LOAD_PATH without looking for the
+      # extension we are about to build.
+      unresolved_deps = Gem::Specification.unresolved_deps.dup
+      Gem::Specification.unresolved_deps.clear
+
+      require 'rubygems/config_file'
+      require 'rubygems/ext'
+      require 'rubygems/user_interaction'
+
+      ui = Gem::SilentUI.new
+      Gem::DefaultUserInteraction.use_ui ui do
+        builder = Gem::Ext::Builder.new self
+        builder.build_extensions
+      end
+    ensure
+      ui.close if ui
+      Gem::Specification.unresolved_deps.replace unresolved_deps
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns the full path to the build info directory
+
+  def build_info_dir
+    File.join base_dir, "build_info"
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns the full path to the file containing the build
+  # information generated when the gem was installed
+
+  def build_info_file
+    File.join build_info_dir, "#{full_name}.info"
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Used to detect if the gem is bundled in older version of Ruby, but not
+  # detectable as default gem (see BasicSpecification#default_gem?).
+
+  def bundled_gem_in_old_ruby?
+    !default_gem? &&
+      RUBY_VERSION < "2.0.0" &&
+      summary == "This #{name} is bundled with Ruby"
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns the full path to the cache directory containing this
+  # spec's cached gem.
+
+  def cache_dir
+    @cache_dir ||= File.join base_dir, "cache"
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns the full path to the cached gem for this spec.
+
+  def cache_file
+    @cache_file ||= File.join cache_dir, "#{full_name}.gem"
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Return any possible conflicts against the currently loaded specs.
+
+  def conflicts
+    conflicts = {}
+    self.runtime_dependencies.each { |dep|
+      spec = Gem.loaded_specs[dep.name]
+      if spec and not spec.satisfies_requirement? dep
+        (conflicts[spec] ||= []) << dep
+      end
+    }
+    conflicts
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # The date this gem was created.  Lazily defaults to the current UTC date.
+  #
+  # There is no need to set this in your gem specification.
+
+  def date
+    @date ||= TODAY
+  end
+
+  DateLike = Object.new # :nodoc:
+  def DateLike.===(obj) # :nodoc:
+    defined?(::Date) and Date === obj
+  end
+
+  DateTimeFormat = # :nodoc:
+    /\A
+     (\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})
+     (\s+ \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}\.\d+ \s* (Z | [-+]\d\d:\d\d) )?
+     \Z/x
+
+  ##
+  # The date this gem was created
+  #
+  # DO NOT set this, it is set automatically when the gem is packaged.
+
+  def date= date
+    # We want to end up with a Time object with one-day resolution.
+    # This is the cleanest, most-readable, faster-than-using-Date
+    # way to do it.
+    @date = case date
+            when String then
+              if DateTimeFormat =~ date then
+                Time.utc($1.to_i, $2.to_i, $3.to_i)
+
+              # Workaround for where the date format output from psych isn't
+              # parsed as a Time object by syck and thus comes through as a
+              # string.
+              elsif /\A(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2}) \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}\.\d+?Z\z/ =~ date then
+                Time.utc($1.to_i, $2.to_i, $3.to_i)
+              else
+                raise(Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
+                      "invalid date format in specification: #{date.inspect}")
+              end
+            when Time, DateLike then
+              Time.utc(date.year, date.month, date.day)
+            else
+              TODAY
+            end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # The default executable for this gem.
+  #
+  # Deprecated: The name of the gem is assumed to be the name of the
+  # executable now.  See Gem.bin_path.
+
+  def default_executable # :nodoc:
+    if defined?(@default_executable) and @default_executable
+      result = @default_executable
+    elsif @executables and @executables.size == 1
+      result = Array(@executables).first
+    else
+      result = nil
+    end
+    result
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # The default value for specification attribute +name+
+
+  def default_value name
+    @@default_value[name]
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # A list of Gem::Dependency objects this gem depends on.
+  #
+  # Use #add_dependency or #add_development_dependency to add dependencies to
+  # a gem.
+
+  def dependencies
+    @dependencies ||= []
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Return a list of all gems that have a dependency on this gemspec.  The
+  # list is structured with entries that conform to:
+  #
+  #   [depending_gem, dependency, [list_of_gems_that_satisfy_dependency]]
+
+  def dependent_gems
+    out = []
+    Gem::Specification.each do |spec|
+      spec.dependencies.each do |dep|
+        if self.satisfies_requirement?(dep) then
+          sats = []
+          find_all_satisfiers(dep) do |sat|
+            sats << sat
+          end
+          out << [spec, dep, sats]
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    out
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns all specs that matches this spec's runtime dependencies.
+
+  def dependent_specs
+    runtime_dependencies.map { |dep| dep.to_specs }.flatten
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # A detailed description of this gem.  See also #summary
+
+  def description= str
+    @description = str.to_s
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # List of dependencies that are used for development
+
+  def development_dependencies
+    dependencies.select { |d| d.type == :development }
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns the full path to this spec's documentation directory.  If +type+
+  # is given it will be appended to the end.  For example:
+  #
+  #   spec.doc_dir      # => "/path/to/gem_repo/doc/a-1"
+  #
+  #   spec.doc_dir 'ri' # => "/path/to/gem_repo/doc/a-1/ri"
+
+  def doc_dir type = nil
+    @doc_dir ||= File.join base_dir, 'doc', full_name
+
+    if type then
+      File.join @doc_dir, type
+    else
+      @doc_dir
+    end
+  end
+
+  def encode_with coder # :nodoc:
+    mark_version
+
+    coder.add 'name', @name
+    coder.add 'version', @version
+    platform = case @original_platform
+               when nil, '' then
+                 'ruby'
+               when String then
+                 @original_platform
+               else
+                 @original_platform.to_s
+               end
+    coder.add 'platform', platform
+
+    attributes = @@attributes.map(&:to_s) - %w[name version platform]
+    attributes.each do |name|
+      coder.add name, instance_variable_get("@#{name}")
+    end
+  end
+
+  def eql? other # :nodoc:
+    self.class === other && same_attributes?(other)
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Singular accessor for #executables
+
+  def executable
+    val = executables and val.first
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Singular accessor for #executables
+
+  def executable=o
+    self.executables = [o]
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Sets executables to +value+, ensuring it is an array. Don't
+  # use this, push onto the array instead.
+
+  def executables= value
+    # TODO: warn about setting instead of pushing
+    @executables = Array(value)
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Sets extensions to +extensions+, ensuring it is an array. Don't
+  # use this, push onto the array instead.
+
+  def extensions= extensions
+    # TODO: warn about setting instead of pushing
+    @extensions = Array extensions
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Sets extra_rdoc_files to +files+, ensuring it is an array. Don't
+  # use this, push onto the array instead.
+
+  def extra_rdoc_files= files
+    # TODO: warn about setting instead of pushing
+    @extra_rdoc_files = Array files
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # The default (generated) file name of the gem.  See also #spec_name.
+  #
+  #   spec.file_name # => "example-1.0.gem"
+
+  def file_name
+    "#{full_name}.gem"
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Sets files to +files+, ensuring it is an array.
+
+  def files= files
+    @files = Array files
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Finds all gems that satisfy +dep+
+
+  def find_all_satisfiers dep
+    Gem::Specification.each do |spec|
+      yield spec if spec.satisfies_requirement? dep
+    end
+  end
+
+  private :find_all_satisfiers
+
+  ##
+  # Creates a duplicate spec without large blobs that aren't used at runtime.
+
+  def for_cache
+    spec = dup
+
+    spec.files = nil
+    spec.test_files = nil
+
+    spec
+  end
+
+  def find_full_gem_path # :nodoc:
+    super || File.expand_path(File.join(gems_dir, original_name))
+  end
+  private :find_full_gem_path
+
+  def full_name
+    @full_name ||= super
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # The path to the gem.build_complete file within the extension install
+  # directory.
+
+  def gem_build_complete_path # :nodoc:
+    File.join extension_dir, 'gem.build_complete'
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Work around bundler removing my methods
+
+  def gem_dir # :nodoc:
+    super
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Deprecated and ignored, defaults to true.
+  #
+  # Formerly used to indicate this gem was RDoc-capable.
+
+  def has_rdoc # :nodoc:
+    true
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Deprecated and ignored.
+  #
+  # Formerly used to indicate this gem was RDoc-capable.
+
+  def has_rdoc= ignored # :nodoc:
+    @has_rdoc = true
+  end
+
+  alias :has_rdoc? :has_rdoc # :nodoc:
+
+  ##
+  # True if this gem has files in test_files
+
+  def has_unit_tests? # :nodoc:
+    not test_files.empty?
+  end
+
+  # :stopdoc:
+  alias has_test_suite? has_unit_tests?
+  # :startdoc:
+
+  def hash # :nodoc:
+    name.hash ^ version.hash
+  end
+
+  def init_with coder # :nodoc:
+    @installed_by_version ||= nil
+    yaml_initialize coder.tag, coder.map
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Specification constructor. Assigns the default values to the attributes
+  # and yields itself for further initialization.  Optionally takes +name+ and
+  # +version+.
+
+  def initialize name = nil, version = nil
+    @loaded = false
+    @activated = false
+    self.loaded_from = nil
+    @original_platform = nil
+    @installed_by_version = nil
+
+    @@nil_attributes.each do |key|
+      instance_variable_set "@#{key}", nil
+    end
+
+    @@non_nil_attributes.each do |key|
+      default = default_value(key)
+      value = Dupable[key] ? default.dup : default
+      instance_variable_set "@#{key}", value
+    end
+
+    @new_platform = Gem::Platform::RUBY
+
+    self.name = name if name
+    self.version = version if version
+
+    yield self if block_given?
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Duplicates array_attributes from +other_spec+ so state isn't shared.
+
+  def initialize_copy other_spec
+    self.class.array_attributes.each do |name|
+      name = :"@#{name}"
+      next unless other_spec.instance_variable_defined? name
+
+      begin
+        val = other_spec.instance_variable_get(name)
+        if val then
+          instance_variable_set name, val.dup
+        elsif Gem.configuration.really_verbose
+          warn "WARNING: #{full_name} has an invalid nil value for #{name}"
+        end
+      rescue TypeError
+        e = Gem::FormatException.new \
+          "#{full_name} has an invalid value for #{name}"
+
+        e.file_path = loaded_from
+        raise e
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Expire memoized instance variables that can incorrectly generate, replace
+  # or miss files due changes in certain attributes used to compute them.
+
+  def invalidate_memoized_attributes
+    @full_name = nil
+    @cache_file = nil
+  end
+
+  private :invalidate_memoized_attributes
+
+  def inspect # :nodoc:
+    if $DEBUG
+      super
+    else
+      "#<#{self.class}:0x#{__id__.to_s(16)} #{full_name}>"
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns a string usable in Dir.glob to match all requirable paths
+  # for this spec.
+
+  def lib_dirs_glob
+    dirs = if self.require_paths.size > 1 then
+             "{#{self.require_paths.join(',')}}"
+           else
+             self.require_paths.first
+           end
+
+    "#{self.full_gem_path}/#{dirs}"
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Files in the Gem under one of the require_paths
+
+  def lib_files
+    @files.select do |file|
+      require_paths.any? do |path|
+        file.start_with? path
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Singular accessor for #licenses
+
+  def license
+    val = licenses and val.first
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Plural accessor for setting licenses
+  #
+  # See #license= for details
+
+  def licenses
+    @licenses ||= []
+  end
+
+  def loaded_from= path # :nodoc:
+    super
+
+    @bin_dir       = nil
+    @cache_dir     = nil
+    @cache_file    = nil
+    @doc_dir       = nil
+    @ri_dir        = nil
+    @spec_dir      = nil
+    @spec_file     = nil
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Sets the rubygems_version to the current RubyGems version.
+
+  def mark_version
+    @rubygems_version = Gem::VERSION
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Return all files in this gem that match for +glob+.
+
+  def matches_for_glob glob # TODO: rename?
+    # TODO: do we need these?? Kill it
+    glob = File.join(self.lib_dirs_glob, glob)
+
+    Dir[glob].map { |f| f.untaint } # FIX our tests are broken, run w/ SAFE=1
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Warn about unknown attributes while loading a spec.
+
+  def method_missing(sym, *a, &b) # :nodoc:
+    if @specification_version > CURRENT_SPECIFICATION_VERSION and
+      sym.to_s =~ /=$/ then
+      warn "ignoring #{sym} loading #{full_name}" if $DEBUG
+    else
+      super
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Is this specification missing its extensions?  When this returns true you
+  # probably want to build_extensions
+
+  def missing_extensions?
+    return false if default_gem?
+    return false if extensions.empty?
+    return false if installed_by_version < Gem::Version.new('2.2.0.preview.2')
+    return false if File.exist? gem_build_complete_path
+
+    true
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Normalize the list of files so that:
+  # * All file lists have redundancies removed.
+  # * Files referenced in the extra_rdoc_files are included in the package
+  #   file list.
+
+  def normalize
+    if defined?(@extra_rdoc_files) and @extra_rdoc_files then
+      @extra_rdoc_files.uniq!
+      @files ||= []
+      @files.concat(@extra_rdoc_files)
+    end
+
+    @files            = @files.uniq if @files
+    @extensions       = @extensions.uniq if @extensions
+    @test_files       = @test_files.uniq if @test_files
+    @executables      = @executables.uniq if @executables
+    @extra_rdoc_files = @extra_rdoc_files.uniq if @extra_rdoc_files
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Return a NameTuple that represents this Specification
+
+  def name_tuple
+    Gem::NameTuple.new name, version, original_platform
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns the full name (name-version) of this gemspec using the original
+  # platform.  For use with legacy gems.
+
+  def original_name # :nodoc:
+    if platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY or platform.nil? then
+      "#{@name}-#{@version}"
+    else
+      "#{@name}-#{@version}-#{@original_platform}"
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Cruft. Use +platform+.
+
+  def original_platform # :nodoc:
+    @original_platform ||= platform
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # The platform this gem runs on.  See Gem::Platform for details.
+
+  def platform
+    @new_platform ||= Gem::Platform::RUBY
+  end
+
+  def pretty_print(q) # :nodoc:
+    q.group 2, 'Gem::Specification.new do |s|', 'end' do
+      q.breakable
+
+      attributes = @@attributes - [:name, :version]
+      attributes.unshift :installed_by_version
+      attributes.unshift :version
+      attributes.unshift :name
+
+      attributes.each do |attr_name|
+        current_value = self.send attr_name
+        if current_value != default_value(attr_name) or
+           self.class.required_attribute? attr_name then
+
+          q.text "s.#{attr_name} = "
+
+          if attr_name == :date then
+            current_value = current_value.utc
+
+            q.text "Time.utc(#{current_value.year}, #{current_value.month}, #{current_value.day})"
+          else
+            q.pp current_value
+          end
+
+          q.breakable
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Raise an exception if the version of this spec conflicts with the one
+  # that is already loaded (+other+)
+
+  def check_version_conflict other # :nodoc:
+    return if self.version == other.version
+
+    # This gem is already loaded.  If the currently loaded gem is not in the
+    # list of candidate gems, then we have a version conflict.
+
+    msg = "can't activate #{full_name}, already activated #{other.full_name}"
+
+    e = Gem::LoadError.new msg
+    e.name = self.name
+    # TODO: e.requirement = dep.requirement
+
+    raise e
+  end
+
+  private :check_version_conflict
+
+  ##
+  # Check the spec for possible conflicts and freak out if there are any.
+
+  def raise_if_conflicts # :nodoc:
+    conf = self.conflicts
+
+    unless conf.empty? then
+      raise Gem::ConflictError.new self, conf
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Sets rdoc_options to +value+, ensuring it is an array. Don't
+  # use this, push onto the array instead.
+
+  def rdoc_options= options
+    # TODO: warn about setting instead of pushing
+    @rdoc_options = Array options
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Singular accessor for #require_paths
+
+  def require_path
+    val = require_paths and val.first
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Singular accessor for #require_paths
+
+  def require_path= path
+    self.require_paths = Array(path)
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Set requirements to +req+, ensuring it is an array. Don't
+  # use this, push onto the array instead.
+
+  def requirements= req
+    # TODO: warn about setting instead of pushing
+    @requirements = Array req
+  end
+
+  def respond_to_missing? m, include_private = false # :nodoc:
+    false
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns the full path to this spec's ri directory.
+
+  def ri_dir
+    @ri_dir ||= File.join base_dir, 'ri', full_name
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Return a string containing a Ruby code representation of the given
+  # object.
+
+  def ruby_code(obj)
+    case obj
+    when String            then obj.dump
+    when Array             then '[' + obj.map { |x| ruby_code x }.join(", ") + ']'
+    when Hash              then
+      seg = obj.keys.sort.map { |k| "#{k.to_s.dump} => #{obj[k].to_s.dump}" }
+      "{ #{seg.join(', ')} }"
+    when Gem::Version      then obj.to_s.dump
+    when DateLike          then obj.strftime('%Y-%m-%d').dump
+    when Time              then obj.strftime('%Y-%m-%d').dump
+    when Numeric           then obj.inspect
+    when true, false, nil  then obj.inspect
+    when Gem::Platform     then "Gem::Platform.new(#{obj.to_a.inspect})"
+    when Gem::Requirement  then
+      list = obj.as_list
+      "Gem::Requirement.new(#{ruby_code(list.size == 1 ? obj.to_s : list)})"
+    else raise Gem::Exception, "ruby_code case not handled: #{obj.class}"
+    end
+  end
+
+  private :ruby_code
+
+  ##
+  # List of dependencies that will automatically be activated at runtime.
+
+  def runtime_dependencies
+    dependencies.select { |d| d.type == :runtime }
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # True if this gem has the same attributes as +other+.
+
+  def same_attributes? spec
+    @@attributes.all? { |name, default| self.send(name) == spec.send(name) }
+  end
+
+  private :same_attributes?
+
+  ##
+  # Checks if this specification meets the requirement of +dependency+.
+
+  def satisfies_requirement? dependency
+    return @name == dependency.name &&
+      dependency.requirement.satisfied_by?(@version)
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns an object you can use to sort specifications in #sort_by.
+
+  def sort_obj
+    [@name, @version, @new_platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY ? -1 : 1]
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Used by Gem::Resolver to order Gem::Specification objects
+
+  def source # :nodoc:
+    Gem::Source::Installed.new
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns the full path to the directory containing this spec's
+  # gemspec file. eg: /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/specifications
+
+  def spec_dir
+    @spec_dir ||= File.join base_dir, "specifications"
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns the full path to this spec's gemspec file.
+  # eg: /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/specifications/mygem-1.0.gemspec
+
+  def spec_file
+    @spec_file ||= File.join spec_dir, "#{full_name}.gemspec"
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # The default name of the gemspec.  See also #file_name
+  #
+  #   spec.spec_name # => "example-1.0.gemspec"
+
+  def spec_name
+    "#{full_name}.gemspec"
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # A short summary of this gem's description.
+
+  def summary= str
+    @summary = str.to_s.strip.
+      gsub(/(\w-)\n[ \t]*(\w)/, '\1\2').gsub(/\n[ \t]*/, " ") # so. weird.
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Singular accessor for #test_files
+
+  def test_file # :nodoc:
+    val = test_files and val.first
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Singular mutator for #test_files
+
+  def test_file= file # :nodoc:
+    self.test_files = [file]
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Test files included in this gem.  You cannot append to this accessor, you
+  # must assign to it.
+
+  def test_files # :nodoc:
+    # Handle the possibility that we have @test_suite_file but not
+    # @test_files.  This will happen when an old gem is loaded via
+    # YAML.
+    if defined? @test_suite_file then
+      @test_files = [@test_suite_file].flatten
+      @test_suite_file = nil
+    end
+    if defined?(@test_files) and @test_files then
+      @test_files
+    else
+      @test_files = []
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns a Ruby code representation of this specification, such that it can
+  # be eval'ed and reconstruct the same specification later.  Attributes that
+  # still have their default values are omitted.
+
+  def to_ruby
+    mark_version
+    result = []
+    result << "# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-"
+    result << "#{Gem::StubSpecification::PREFIX}#{name} #{version} #{platform} #{raw_require_paths.join("\0")}"
+    result << "#{Gem::StubSpecification::PREFIX}#{extensions.join "\0"}" unless
+      extensions.empty?
+    result << nil
+    result << "Gem::Specification.new do |s|"
+
+    result << "  s.name = #{ruby_code name}"
+    result << "  s.version = #{ruby_code version}"
+    unless platform.nil? or platform == Gem::Platform::RUBY then
+      result << "  s.platform = #{ruby_code original_platform}"
+    end
+    result << ""
+    result << "  s.required_rubygems_version = #{ruby_code required_rubygems_version} if s.respond_to? :required_rubygems_version="
+
+    if metadata and !metadata.empty?
+      result << "  s.metadata = #{ruby_code metadata} if s.respond_to? :metadata="
+    end
+    result << "  s.require_paths = #{ruby_code raw_require_paths}"
+
+    handled = [
+      :dependencies,
+      :name,
+      :platform,
+      :require_paths,
+      :required_rubygems_version,
+      :specification_version,
+      :version,
+      :has_rdoc,
+      :default_executable,
+      :metadata
+    ]
+
+    @@attributes.each do |attr_name|
+      next if handled.include? attr_name
+      current_value = self.send(attr_name)
+      if current_value != default_value(attr_name) or
+         self.class.required_attribute? attr_name then
+        result << "  s.#{attr_name} = #{ruby_code current_value}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    if @installed_by_version then
+      result << nil
+      result << "  s.installed_by_version = \"#{Gem::VERSION}\" if s.respond_to? :installed_by_version"
+    end
+
+    unless dependencies.empty? then
+      result << nil
+      result << "  if s.respond_to? :specification_version then"
+      result << "    s.specification_version = #{specification_version}"
+      result << nil
+
+      result << "    if Gem::Version.new(Gem::VERSION) >= Gem::Version.new('1.2.0') then"
+
+      dependencies.each do |dep|
+        req = dep.requirements_list.inspect
+        dep.instance_variable_set :@type, :runtime if dep.type.nil? # HACK
+        result << "      s.add_#{dep.type}_dependency(%q<#{dep.name}>, #{req})"
+      end
+
+      result << "    else"
+
+      dependencies.each do |dep|
+        version_reqs_param = dep.requirements_list.inspect
+        result << "      s.add_dependency(%q<#{dep.name}>, #{version_reqs_param})"
+      end
+
+      result << '    end'
+
+      result << "  else"
+      dependencies.each do |dep|
+        version_reqs_param = dep.requirements_list.inspect
+        result << "    s.add_dependency(%q<#{dep.name}>, #{version_reqs_param})"
+      end
+      result << "  end"
+    end
+
+    result << "end"
+    result << nil
+
+    result.join "\n"
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns a Ruby lighter-weight code representation of this specification,
+  # used for indexing only.
+  #
+  # See #to_ruby.
+
+  def to_ruby_for_cache
+    for_cache.to_ruby
+  end
+
+  def to_s # :nodoc:
+    "#<Gem::Specification name=#{@name} version=#{@version}>"
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns self
+
+  def to_spec
+    self
+  end
+
+  def to_yaml(opts = {}) # :nodoc:
+    if (YAML.const_defined?(:ENGINE) && !YAML::ENGINE.syck?) ||
+        (defined?(Psych) && YAML == Psych) then
+      # Because the user can switch the YAML engine behind our
+      # back, we have to check again here to make sure that our
+      # psych code was properly loaded, and load it if not.
+      unless Gem.const_defined?(:NoAliasYAMLTree)
+        require 'rubygems/psych_tree'
+      end
+
+      builder = Gem::NoAliasYAMLTree.create
+      builder << self
+      ast = builder.tree
+
+      io = Gem::StringSink.new
+      io.set_encoding Encoding::UTF_8 if Object.const_defined? :Encoding
+
+      Psych::Visitors::Emitter.new(io).accept(ast)
+
+      io.string.gsub(/ !!null \n/, " \n")
+    else
+      YAML.quick_emit object_id, opts do |out|
+        out.map taguri, to_yaml_style do |map|
+          encode_with map
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Recursively walk dependencies of this spec, executing the +block+ for each
+  # hop.
+
+  def traverse trail = [], &block
+    trail = trail + [self]
+    runtime_dependencies.each do |dep|
+      dep.to_specs.each do |dep_spec|
+        block[self, dep, dep_spec, trail + [dep_spec]]
+        dep_spec.traverse(trail, &block) unless
+          trail.map(&:name).include? dep_spec.name
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Checks that the specification contains all required fields, and does a
+  # very basic sanity check.
+  #
+  # Raises InvalidSpecificationException if the spec does not pass the
+  # checks..
+
+  def validate packaging = true
+    @warnings = 0
+    require 'rubygems/user_interaction'
+    extend Gem::UserInteraction
+    normalize
+
+    nil_attributes = self.class.non_nil_attributes.find_all do |attrname|
+      instance_variable_get("@#{attrname}").nil?
+    end
+
+    unless nil_attributes.empty? then
+      raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
+        "#{nil_attributes.join ', '} must not be nil"
+    end
+
+    if packaging and rubygems_version != Gem::VERSION then
+      raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
+            "expected RubyGems version #{Gem::VERSION}, was #{rubygems_version}"
+    end
+
+    @@required_attributes.each do |symbol|
+      unless self.send symbol then
+        raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
+              "missing value for attribute #{symbol}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    unless String === name then
+      raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
+            "invalid value for attribute name: \"#{name.inspect}\""
+    end
+
+    if raw_require_paths.empty? then
+      raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
+            'specification must have at least one require_path'
+    end
+
+    @files.delete_if            { |x| File.directory?(x) }
+    @test_files.delete_if       { |x| File.directory?(x) }
+    @executables.delete_if      { |x| File.directory?(File.join(@bindir, x)) }
+    @extra_rdoc_files.delete_if { |x| File.directory?(x) }
+    @extensions.delete_if       { |x| File.directory?(x) }
+
+    non_files = files.reject { |x| File.file?(x) }
+
+    unless not packaging or non_files.empty? then
+      raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
+            "[\"#{non_files.join "\", \""}\"] are not files"
+    end
+
+    if files.include? file_name then
+      raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
+            "#{full_name} contains itself (#{file_name}), check your files list"
+    end
+
+    unless specification_version.is_a?(Fixnum)
+      raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
+            'specification_version must be a Fixnum (did you mean version?)'
+    end
+
+    case platform
+    when Gem::Platform, Gem::Platform::RUBY then # ok
+    else
+      raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
+            "invalid platform #{platform.inspect}, see Gem::Platform"
+    end
+
+    self.class.array_attributes.each do |field|
+      val = self.send field
+      klass = case field
+              when :dependencies
+                Gem::Dependency
+              else
+                String
+              end
+
+      unless Array === val and val.all? { |x| x.kind_of?(klass) } then
+        raise(Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
+              "#{field} must be an Array of #{klass}")
+      end
+    end
+
+    [:authors].each do |field|
+      val = self.send field
+      raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException, "#{field} may not be empty" if
+        val.empty?
+    end
+
+    unless Hash === metadata
+      raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
+              'metadata must be a hash'
+    end
+
+    metadata.keys.each do |k|
+      if !k.kind_of?(String)
+        raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
+                'metadata keys must be a String'
+      end
+
+      if k.size > 128
+        raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
+                "metadata key too large (#{k.size} > 128)"
+      end
+    end
+
+    metadata.values.each do |k|
+      if !k.kind_of?(String)
+        raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
+                'metadata values must be a String'
+      end
+
+      if k.size > 1024
+        raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
+                "metadata value too large (#{k.size} > 1024)"
+      end
+    end
+
+    licenses.each { |license|
+      if license.length > 64
+        raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
+          "each license must be 64 characters or less"
+      end
+    }
+
+    warning <<-warning if licenses.empty?
+licenses is empty, but is recommended.  Use a license abbreviation from:
+http://opensource.org/licenses/alphabetical
+    warning
+
+    validate_permissions
+
+    # reject lazy developers:
+
+    lazy = '"FIxxxXME" or "TOxxxDO"'.gsub(/xxx/, '')
+
+    unless authors.grep(/FI XME|TO DO/x).empty? then
+      raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException, "#{lazy} is not an author"
+    end
+
+    unless Array(email).grep(/FI XME|TO DO/x).empty? then
+      raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException, "#{lazy} is not an email"
+    end
+
+    if description =~ /FI XME|TO DO/x then
+      raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException, "#{lazy} is not a description"
+    end
+
+    if summary =~ /FI XME|TO DO/x then
+      raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException, "#{lazy} is not a summary"
+    end
+
+    if homepage and not homepage.empty? and
+       homepage !~ /\A[a-z][a-z\d+.-]*:/i then
+      raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException,
+            "\"#{homepage}\" is not a URI"
+    end
+
+    # Warnings
+
+    %w[author description email homepage summary].each do |attribute|
+      value = self.send attribute
+      warning "no #{attribute} specified" if value.nil? or value.empty?
+    end
+
+    if description == summary then
+      warning 'description and summary are identical'
+    end
+
+    # TODO: raise at some given date
+    warning "deprecated autorequire specified" if autorequire
+
+    executables.each do |executable|
+      executable_path = File.join(bindir, executable)
+      shebang = File.read(executable_path, 2) == '#!'
+
+      warning "#{executable_path} is missing #! line" unless shebang
+    end
+
+    validate_dependencies
+
+    true
+  ensure
+    if $! or @warnings > 0 then
+      alert_warning "See http://guides.rubygems.org/specification-reference/ for help"
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Checks that dependencies use requirements as we recommend.  Warnings are
+  # issued when dependencies are open-ended or overly strict for semantic
+  # versioning.
+
+  def validate_dependencies # :nodoc:
+    seen = {}
+
+    dependencies.each do |dep|
+      if prev = seen[dep.name] then
+        raise Gem::InvalidSpecificationException, <<-MESSAGE
+duplicate dependency on #{dep}, (#{prev.requirement}) use:
+    add_runtime_dependency '#{dep.name}', '#{dep.requirement}', '#{prev.requirement}'
+        MESSAGE
+      end
+
+      seen[dep.name] = dep
+
+      prerelease_dep = dep.requirements_list.any? do |req|
+        Gem::Requirement.new(req).prerelease?
+      end
+
+      warning "prerelease dependency on #{dep} is not recommended" if
+        prerelease_dep
+
+      overly_strict = dep.requirement.requirements.length == 1 &&
+        dep.requirement.requirements.any? do |op, version|
+          op == '~>' and
+            not version.prerelease? and
+            version.segments.length > 2 and
+            version.segments.first != 0
+        end
+
+      if overly_strict then
+        _, dep_version = dep.requirement.requirements.first
+
+        base = dep_version.segments.first 2
+
+        warning <<-WARNING
+pessimistic dependency on #{dep} may be overly strict
+  if #{dep.name} is semantically versioned, use:
+    add_#{dep.type}_dependency '#{dep.name}', '~> #{base.join '.'}', '>= #{dep_version}'
+        WARNING
+      end
+
+      open_ended = dep.requirement.requirements.all? do |op, version|
+        not version.prerelease? and (op == '>' or op == '>=')
+      end
+
+      if open_ended then
+        op, dep_version = dep.requirement.requirements.first
+
+        base = dep_version.segments.first 2
+
+        bugfix = if op == '>' then
+                   ", '> #{dep_version}'"
+                 elsif op == '>=' and base != dep_version.segments then
+                   ", '>= #{dep_version}'"
+                 end
+
+        warning <<-WARNING
+open-ended dependency on #{dep} is not recommended
+  if #{dep.name} is semantically versioned, use:
+    add_#{dep.type}_dependency '#{dep.name}', '~> #{base.join '.'}'#{bugfix}
+        WARNING
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Checks to see if the files to be packaged are world-readable.
+
+  def validate_permissions
+    return if Gem.win_platform?
+
+    files.each do |file|
+      next if File.stat(file).mode & 0444 == 0444
+      warning "#{file} is not world-readable"
+    end
+
+    executables.each do |name|
+      exec = File.join @bindir, name
+      next if File.stat(exec).executable?
+      warning "#{exec} is not executable"
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Set the version to +version+, potentially also setting
+  # required_rubygems_version if +version+ indicates it is a
+  # prerelease.
+
+  def version= version
+    @version = Gem::Version.create(version)
+    self.required_rubygems_version = '> 1.3.1' if @version.prerelease?
+    invalidate_memoized_attributes
+
+    return @version
+  end
+
+  def stubbed?
+    false
+  end
+
+  def yaml_initialize(tag, vals) # :nodoc:
+    vals.each do |ivar, val|
+      case ivar
+      when "date"
+        # Force Date to go through the extra coerce logic in date=
+        self.date = val.untaint
+      else
+        instance_variable_set "@#{ivar}", val.untaint
+      end
+    end
+
+    @original_platform = @platform # for backwards compatibility
+    self.platform = Gem::Platform.new @platform
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Reset nil attributes to their default values to make the spec valid
+
+  def reset_nil_attributes_to_default
+    nil_attributes = self.class.non_nil_attributes.find_all do |name|
+      !instance_variable_defined?("@#{name}") || instance_variable_get("@#{name}").nil?
+    end
+
+    nil_attributes.each do |attribute|
+      default = self.default_value attribute
+
+      value = case default
+              when Time, Numeric, Symbol, true, false, nil then default
+              else default.dup
+              end
+
+      instance_variable_set "@#{attribute}", value
+    end
+
+    @installed_by_version ||= nil
+  end
+
+  def warning statement # :nodoc:
+    @warnings += 1
+
+    alert_warning statement
+  end
+
+  extend Gem::Deprecate
+
+  # TODO:
+  # deprecate :has_rdoc,            :none,       2011, 10
+  # deprecate :has_rdoc?,           :none,       2011, 10
+  # deprecate :has_rdoc=,           :none,       2011, 10
+  # deprecate :default_executable,  :none,       2011, 10
+  # deprecate :default_executable=, :none,       2011, 10
+  # deprecate :file_name,           :cache_file, 2011, 10
+  # deprecate :full_gem_path,     :cache_file, 2011, 10
+end
+
+# DOC: What is this and why is it here, randomly, at the end of this file?
+Gem.clear_paths