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-/* Exporting symbols from Cygwin shared libraries.
- Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
- Written by Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>, 2006.
-
- This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
- it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
- (at your option) any later version.
-
- This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- GNU General Public License for more details.
-
- You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
- along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
-
-/* There are four ways to build shared libraries on Cygwin:
-
- - Export only functions, no variables.
- This has the drawback of severely affecting the programming style in use.
- It does not let the programmer use full ANSI C. It lets one platform
- dictate the code style on all platforms. This is unacceptable.
-
- - Use the GNU ld --enable-auto-import option. It is the default on Cygwin
- since July 2005. But it has three fatal drawbacks:
- - It produces executables and shared libraries with relocations in the
- .text segment, defeating the principles of virtual memory.
- - For some constructs such as
- extern int var;
- int * const b = &var;
- it creates an executable that will give an error at runtime, rather
- than either a compile-time or link-time error or a working executable.
- (This is with both gcc and g++.) Whereas this code, not relying on
- auto-import:
- extern __declspec (dllimport) int var;
- int * const b = &var;
- gives a compile-time error with gcc and works with g++.
- - It doesn't work in some cases (references to a member field of an
- exported struct variable, or to a particular element of an exported
- array variable), requiring code modifications. Again one platform
- dictates code modifications on all platforms.
-
- This is unacceptable. Therefore we disable this option, through the
- woe32-dll.m4 autoconf macro.
-
- - Define a macro that expands to __declspec(dllexport) when building
- the library and to __declspec(dllimport) when building code outside
- the library, and use it in all header files of the library.
- This is acceptable if
- 1. the header files are unique to this library (not shared with
- other packages), and
- 2. the library sources are contained in one directory, making it easy
- to define a -DBUILDING_LIBXYZ flag for the library.
- Example:
- #ifdef BUILDING_LIBASPRINTF
- #define LIBASPRINTF_DLL_EXPORTED __declspec(dllexport)
- #else
- #define LIBASPRINTF_DLL_EXPORTED __declspec(dllimport)
- #endif
-
- We use this technique for the libintl and the libasprintf libraries.
-
- - Define a macro that expands to __declspec(dllimport) always, and use
- it in all header files of the library. Use an explicit export list for
- the library.
- This is acceptable if
- 1. the programming language is not C++ (because the name mangling of
- static struct/class fields and of variables in namespaces makes it
- hard to maintain an export list).
- The benefit of this approach is that the partitioning of the source files
- into libraries (which source file goes into which library) does not
- affect the source code; only the Makefiles reflect it.
- The performance loss due to the unnecessary indirection for references
- to variables from within the library defining the variable is acceptable.
-
- We use this technique for libgettextlib (because it contains many gnulib
- modules) and for libgettextsrc (because this makes it easy to move source
- code from an msg* program to libgettextsrc). The macro is called
- DLL_VARIABLE.
-
- This file allows building an explicit export list. You can either
- - specify the variables to be exported, and use the GNU ld option
- --export-all-symbols to export all function names, or
- - specify the variables and functions to be exported explicitly.
-
- Note: --export-all-symbols is the default when no other symbol is explicitly
- exported. This means, the use of an explicit export on the variables has
- the effect of no longer exporting the functions! - until the option
- --export-all-symbols is used. */
-
- /* IMP(x) is a symbol that contains the address of x. */
-#define IMP(x) _imp__##x
-
- /* Ensure that the variable x is exported from the library, and that a
- pseudo-variable IMP(x) is available. */
-#define VARIABLE(x) \
- /* Export x without redefining x. This code was found by compiling a \
- snippet: \
- extern __declspec(dllexport) int x; int x = 42; */ \
- asm (".section .drectve\n"); \
- asm (".ascii \" -export:" #x ",data\"\n"); \
- asm (".data\n"); \
- /* Allocate a pseudo-variable IMP(x). */ \
- extern int x; \
- void * IMP(x) = &x;