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+# = delegate -- Support for the Delegation Pattern
+#
+# Documentation by James Edward Gray II and Gavin Sinclair
+
+##
+# This library provides three different ways to delegate method calls to an
+# object. The easiest to use is SimpleDelegator. Pass an object to the
+# constructor and all methods supported by the object will be delegated. This
+# object can be changed later.
+#
+# Going a step further, the top level DelegateClass method allows you to easily
+# setup delegation through class inheritance. This is considerably more
+# flexible and thus probably the most common use for this library.
+#
+# Finally, if you need full control over the delegation scheme, you can inherit
+# from the abstract class Delegator and customize as needed. (If you find
+# yourself needing this control, have a look at Forwardable which is also in
+# the standard library. It may suit your needs better.)
+#
+# SimpleDelegator's implementation serves as a nice example if the use of
+# Delegator:
+#
+# class SimpleDelegator < Delegator
+# def initialize(obj)
+# super # pass obj to Delegator constructor, required
+# @delegate_sd_obj = obj # store obj for future use
+# end
+#
+# def __getobj__
+# @delegate_sd_obj # return object we are delegating to, required
+# end
+#
+# def __setobj__(obj)
+# @delegate_sd_obj = obj # change delegation object,
+# # a feature we're providing
+# end
+# end
+#
+# == Notes
+#
+# Be advised, RDoc will not detect delegated methods.
+#
+class Delegator < BasicObject
+ kernel = ::Kernel.dup
+ kernel.class_eval do
+ alias __raise__ raise
+ [:to_s,:inspect,:=~,:!~,:===,:<=>,:eql?,:hash].each do |m|
+ undef_method m
+ end
+ private_instance_methods.each do |m|
+ if /\Ablock_given\?\z|iterator\?\z|\A__.*__\z/ =~ m
+ next
+ end
+ undef_method m
+ end
+ end
+ include kernel
+
+ # :stopdoc:
+ def self.const_missing(n)
+ ::Object.const_get(n)
+ end
+ # :startdoc:
+
+ ##
+ # :method: raise
+ # Use __raise__ if your Delegator does not have a object to delegate the
+ # raise method call.
+ #
+
+ #
+ # Pass in the _obj_ to delegate method calls to. All methods supported by
+ # _obj_ will be delegated to.
+ #
+ def initialize(obj)
+ __setobj__(obj)
+ end
+
+ #
+ # Handles the magic of delegation through \_\_getobj\_\_.
+ #
+ def method_missing(m, *args, &block)
+ r = true
+ target = self.__getobj__ {r = false}
+ begin
+ if r && target.respond_to?(m)
+ target.__send__(m, *args, &block)
+ elsif ::Kernel.respond_to?(m, true)
+ ::Kernel.instance_method(m).bind(self).(*args, &block)
+ else
+ super(m, *args, &block)
+ end
+ ensure
+ $@.delete_if {|t| %r"\A#{Regexp.quote(__FILE__)}:(?:#{[__LINE__-7, __LINE__-5, __LINE__-3].join('|')}):"o =~ t} if $@
+ end
+ end
+
+ #
+ # Checks for a method provided by this the delegate object by forwarding the
+ # call through \_\_getobj\_\_.
+ #
+ def respond_to_missing?(m, include_private)
+ r = true
+ target = self.__getobj__ {r = false}
+ r &&= target.respond_to?(m, include_private)
+ if r && include_private && !target.respond_to?(m, false)
+ warn "#{caller(3)[0]}: delegator does not forward private method \##{m}"
+ return false
+ end
+ r
+ end
+
+ #
+ # Returns the methods available to this delegate object as the union
+ # of this object's and \_\_getobj\_\_ methods.
+ #
+ def methods(all=true)
+ __getobj__.methods(all) | super
+ end
+
+ #
+ # Returns the methods available to this delegate object as the union
+ # of this object's and \_\_getobj\_\_ public methods.
+ #
+ def public_methods(all=true)
+ __getobj__.public_methods(all) | super
+ end
+
+ #
+ # Returns the methods available to this delegate object as the union
+ # of this object's and \_\_getobj\_\_ protected methods.
+ #
+ def protected_methods(all=true)
+ __getobj__.protected_methods(all) | super
+ end
+
+ # Note: no need to specialize private_methods, since they are not forwarded
+
+ #
+ # Returns true if two objects are considered of equal value.
+ #
+ def ==(obj)
+ return true if obj.equal?(self)
+ self.__getobj__ == obj
+ end
+
+ #
+ # Returns true if two objects are not considered of equal value.
+ #
+ def !=(obj)
+ return false if obj.equal?(self)
+ __getobj__ != obj
+ end
+
+ #
+ # Delegates ! to the \_\_getobj\_\_
+ #
+ def !
+ !__getobj__
+ end
+
+ #
+ # This method must be overridden by subclasses and should return the object
+ # method calls are being delegated to.
+ #
+ def __getobj__
+ __raise__ ::NotImplementedError, "need to define `__getobj__'"
+ end
+
+ #
+ # This method must be overridden by subclasses and change the object delegate
+ # to _obj_.
+ #
+ def __setobj__(obj)
+ __raise__ ::NotImplementedError, "need to define `__setobj__'"
+ end
+
+ #
+ # Serialization support for the object returned by \_\_getobj\_\_.
+ #
+ def marshal_dump
+ ivars = instance_variables.reject {|var| /\A@delegate_/ =~ var}
+ [
+ :__v2__,
+ ivars, ivars.map{|var| instance_variable_get(var)},
+ __getobj__
+ ]
+ end
+
+ #
+ # Reinitializes delegation from a serialized object.
+ #
+ def marshal_load(data)
+ version, vars, values, obj = data
+ if version == :__v2__
+ vars.each_with_index{|var, i| instance_variable_set(var, values[i])}
+ __setobj__(obj)
+ else
+ __setobj__(data)
+ end
+ end
+
+ def initialize_clone(obj) # :nodoc:
+ self.__setobj__(obj.__getobj__.clone)
+ end
+ def initialize_dup(obj) # :nodoc:
+ self.__setobj__(obj.__getobj__.dup)
+ end
+ private :initialize_clone, :initialize_dup
+
+ ##
+ # :method: trust
+ # Trust both the object returned by \_\_getobj\_\_ and self.
+ #
+
+ ##
+ # :method: untrust
+ # Untrust both the object returned by \_\_getobj\_\_ and self.
+ #
+
+ ##
+ # :method: taint
+ # Taint both the object returned by \_\_getobj\_\_ and self.
+ #
+
+ ##
+ # :method: untaint
+ # Untaint both the object returned by \_\_getobj\_\_ and self.
+ #
+
+ ##
+ # :method: freeze
+ # Freeze both the object returned by \_\_getobj\_\_ and self.
+ #
+
+ [:trust, :untrust, :taint, :untaint, :freeze].each do |method|
+ define_method method do
+ __getobj__.send(method)
+ super()
+ end
+ end
+
+ @delegator_api = self.public_instance_methods
+ def self.public_api # :nodoc:
+ @delegator_api
+ end
+end
+
+##
+# A concrete implementation of Delegator, this class provides the means to
+# delegate all supported method calls to the object passed into the constructor
+# and even to change the object being delegated to at a later time with
+# #__setobj__.
+#
+# class User
+# def born_on
+# Date.new(1989, 9, 10)
+# end
+# end
+#
+# class UserDecorator < SimpleDelegator
+# def birth_year
+# born_on.year
+# end
+# end
+#
+# decorated_user = UserDecorator.new(User.new)
+# decorated_user.birth_year #=> 1989
+# decorated_user.__getobj__ #=> #<User: ...>
+#
+# A SimpleDelegator instance can take advantage of the fact that SimpleDelegator
+# is a subclass of +Delegator+ to call <tt>super</tt> to have methods called on
+# the object being delegated to.
+#
+# class SuperArray < SimpleDelegator
+# def [](*args)
+# super + 1
+# end
+# end
+#
+# SuperArray.new([1])[0] #=> 2
+#
+# Here's a simple example that takes advantage of the fact that
+# SimpleDelegator's delegation object can be changed at any time.
+#
+# class Stats
+# def initialize
+# @source = SimpleDelegator.new([])
+# end
+#
+# def stats(records)
+# @source.__setobj__(records)
+#
+# "Elements: #{@source.size}\n" +
+# " Non-Nil: #{@source.compact.size}\n" +
+# " Unique: #{@source.uniq.size}\n"
+# end
+# end
+#
+# s = Stats.new
+# puts s.stats(%w{James Edward Gray II})
+# puts
+# puts s.stats([1, 2, 3, nil, 4, 5, 1, 2])
+#
+# Prints:
+#
+# Elements: 4
+# Non-Nil: 4
+# Unique: 4
+#
+# Elements: 8
+# Non-Nil: 7
+# Unique: 6
+#
+class SimpleDelegator<Delegator
+ # Returns the current object method calls are being delegated to.
+ def __getobj__
+ unless defined?(@delegate_sd_obj)
+ return yield if block_given?
+ __raise__ ::ArgumentError, "not delegated"
+ end
+ @delegate_sd_obj
+ end
+
+ #
+ # Changes the delegate object to _obj_.
+ #
+ # It's important to note that this does *not* cause SimpleDelegator's methods
+ # to change. Because of this, you probably only want to change delegation
+ # to objects of the same type as the original delegate.
+ #
+ # Here's an example of changing the delegation object.
+ #
+ # names = SimpleDelegator.new(%w{James Edward Gray II})
+ # puts names[1] # => Edward
+ # names.__setobj__(%w{Gavin Sinclair})
+ # puts names[1] # => Sinclair
+ #
+ def __setobj__(obj)
+ __raise__ ::ArgumentError, "cannot delegate to self" if self.equal?(obj)
+ @delegate_sd_obj = obj
+ end
+end
+
+def Delegator.delegating_block(mid) # :nodoc:
+ lambda do |*args, &block|
+ target = self.__getobj__
+ begin
+ target.__send__(mid, *args, &block)
+ ensure
+ $@.delete_if {|t| /\A#{Regexp.quote(__FILE__)}:#{__LINE__-2}:/o =~ t} if $@
+ end
+ end
+end
+
+#
+# The primary interface to this library. Use to setup delegation when defining
+# your class.
+#
+# class MyClass < DelegateClass(ClassToDelegateTo) # Step 1
+# def initialize
+# super(obj_of_ClassToDelegateTo) # Step 2
+# end
+# end
+#
+# Here's a sample of use from Tempfile which is really a File object with a
+# few special rules about storage location and when the File should be
+# deleted. That makes for an almost textbook perfect example of how to use
+# delegation.
+#
+# class Tempfile < DelegateClass(File)
+# # constant and class member data initialization...
+#
+# def initialize(basename, tmpdir=Dir::tmpdir)
+# # build up file path/name in var tmpname...
+#
+# @tmpfile = File.open(tmpname, File::RDWR|File::CREAT|File::EXCL, 0600)
+#
+# # ...
+#
+# super(@tmpfile)
+#
+# # below this point, all methods of File are supported...
+# end
+#
+# # ...
+# end
+#
+def DelegateClass(superclass)
+ klass = Class.new(Delegator)
+ methods = superclass.instance_methods
+ methods -= ::Delegator.public_api
+ methods -= [:to_s,:inspect,:=~,:!~,:===]
+ klass.module_eval do
+ def __getobj__ # :nodoc:
+ unless defined?(@delegate_dc_obj)
+ return yield if block_given?
+ __raise__ ::ArgumentError, "not delegated"
+ end
+ @delegate_dc_obj
+ end
+ def __setobj__(obj) # :nodoc:
+ __raise__ ::ArgumentError, "cannot delegate to self" if self.equal?(obj)
+ @delegate_dc_obj = obj
+ end
+ methods.each do |method|
+ define_method(method, Delegator.delegating_block(method))
+ end
+ end
+ klass.define_singleton_method :public_instance_methods do |all=true|
+ super(all) - superclass.protected_instance_methods
+ end
+ klass.define_singleton_method :protected_instance_methods do |all=true|
+ super(all) | superclass.protected_instance_methods
+ end
+ return klass
+end