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+#
+#   forwardable.rb -
+#       $Release Version: 1.1$
+#       $Revision: 40906 $
+#       by Keiju ISHITSUKA(keiju@ishitsuka.com)
+#       original definition by delegator.rb
+#       Revised by Daniel J. Berger with suggestions from Florian Gross.
+#
+#       Documentation by James Edward Gray II and Gavin Sinclair
+
+
+
+# The Forwardable module provides delegation of specified
+# methods to a designated object, using the methods #def_delegator
+# and #def_delegators.
+#
+# For example, say you have a class RecordCollection which
+# contains an array <tt>@records</tt>.  You could provide the lookup method
+# #record_number(), which simply calls #[] on the <tt>@records</tt>
+# array, like this:
+#
+#   require 'forwardable'
+#
+#   class RecordCollection
+#     attr_accessor :records
+#     extend Forwardable
+#     def_delegator :@records, :[], :record_number
+#   end
+#
+# We can use the lookup method like so:
+#
+#   r = RecordCollection.new
+#   r.records = [4,5,6]
+#   r.record_number(0)  # => 4
+#
+# Further, if you wish to provide the methods #size, #<<, and #map,
+# all of which delegate to @records, this is how you can do it:
+#
+#   class RecordCollection # re-open RecordCollection class
+#     def_delegators :@records, :size, :<<, :map
+#   end
+#
+#   r = RecordCollection.new
+#   r.records = [1,2,3]
+#   r.record_number(0)   # => 1
+#   r.size               # => 3
+#   r << 4               # => [1, 2, 3, 4]
+#   r.map { |x| x * 2 }  # => [2, 4, 6, 8]
+#
+# You can even extend regular objects with Forwardable.
+#
+#   my_hash = Hash.new
+#   my_hash.extend Forwardable              # prepare object for delegation
+#   my_hash.def_delegator "STDOUT", "puts"  # add delegation for STDOUT.puts()
+#   my_hash.puts "Howdy!"
+#
+# == Another example
+#
+# We want to rely on what has come before obviously, but with delegation we can
+# take just the methods we need and even rename them as appropriate.  In many
+# cases this is preferable to inheritance, which gives us the entire old
+# interface, even if much of it isn't needed.
+#
+#   class Queue
+#     extend Forwardable
+#
+#     def initialize
+#       @q = [ ]    # prepare delegate object
+#     end
+#
+#     # setup preferred interface, enq() and deq()...
+#     def_delegator :@q, :push, :enq
+#     def_delegator :@q, :shift, :deq
+#
+#     # support some general Array methods that fit Queues well
+#     def_delegators :@q, :clear, :first, :push, :shift, :size
+#   end
+#
+#   q = Queue.new
+#   q.enq 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
+#   q.push 6
+#
+#   q.shift    # => 1
+#   while q.size > 0
+#     puts q.deq
+#   end
+#
+#   q.enq "Ruby", "Perl", "Python"
+#   puts q.first
+#   q.clear
+#   puts q.first
+#
+# This should output:
+#
+#   2
+#   3
+#   4
+#   5
+#   6
+#   Ruby
+#   nil
+#
+# == Notes
+#
+# Be advised, RDoc will not detect delegated methods.
+#
+# +forwardable.rb+ provides single-method delegation via the def_delegator and
+# def_delegators methods. For full-class delegation via DelegateClass, see
+# +delegate.rb+.
+#
+module Forwardable
+  # Version of +forwardable.rb+
+  FORWARDABLE_VERSION = "1.1.0"
+
+  FILE_REGEXP = %r"#{Regexp.quote(__FILE__)}"
+
+  @debug = nil
+  class << self
+    # If true, <tt>__FILE__</tt> will remain in the backtrace in the event an
+    # Exception is raised.
+    attr_accessor :debug
+  end
+
+  # Takes a hash as its argument.  The key is a symbol or an array of
+  # symbols.  These symbols correspond to method names.  The value is
+  # the accessor to which the methods will be delegated.
+  #
+  # :call-seq:
+  #    delegate method => accessor
+  #    delegate [method, method, ...] => accessor
+  #
+  def instance_delegate(hash)
+    hash.each{ |methods, accessor|
+      methods = [methods] unless methods.respond_to?(:each)
+      methods.each{ |method|
+        def_instance_delegator(accessor, method)
+      }
+    }
+  end
+
+  #
+  # Shortcut for defining multiple delegator methods, but with no
+  # provision for using a different name.  The following two code
+  # samples have the same effect:
+  #
+  #   def_delegators :@records, :size, :<<, :map
+  #
+  #   def_delegator :@records, :size
+  #   def_delegator :@records, :<<
+  #   def_delegator :@records, :map
+  #
+  def def_instance_delegators(accessor, *methods)
+    methods.delete("__send__")
+    methods.delete("__id__")
+    for method in methods
+      def_instance_delegator(accessor, method)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Define +method+ as delegator instance method with an optional
+  # alias name +ali+. Method calls to +ali+ will be delegated to
+  # +accessor.method+.
+  #
+  #   class MyQueue
+  #     extend Forwardable
+  #     attr_reader :queue
+  #     def initialize
+  #       @queue = []
+  #     end
+  #
+  #     def_delegator :@queue, :push, :mypush
+  #   end
+  #
+  #   q = MyQueue.new
+  #   q.mypush 42
+  #   q.queue    #=> [42]
+  #   q.push 23  #=> NoMethodError
+  #
+  def def_instance_delegator(accessor, method, ali = method)
+    line_no = __LINE__; str = %{
+      def #{ali}(*args, &block)
+        begin
+          #{accessor}.__send__(:#{method}, *args, &block)
+        rescue Exception
+          $@.delete_if{|s| Forwardable::FILE_REGEXP =~ s} unless Forwardable::debug
+          ::Kernel::raise
+        end
+      end
+    }
+    # If it's not a class or module, it's an instance
+    begin
+      module_eval(str, __FILE__, line_no)
+    rescue
+      instance_eval(str, __FILE__, line_no)
+    end
+
+  end
+
+  alias delegate instance_delegate
+  alias def_delegators def_instance_delegators
+  alias def_delegator def_instance_delegator
+end
+
+# SingleForwardable can be used to setup delegation at the object level as well.
+#
+#    printer = String.new
+#    printer.extend SingleForwardable        # prepare object for delegation
+#    printer.def_delegator "STDOUT", "puts"  # add delegation for STDOUT.puts()
+#    printer.puts "Howdy!"
+#
+# Also, SingleForwardable can be used to set up delegation for a Class or Module.
+#
+#   class Implementation
+#     def self.service
+#       puts "serviced!"
+#     end
+#   end
+#
+#   module Facade
+#     extend SingleForwardable
+#     def_delegator :Implementation, :service
+#   end
+#
+#   Facade.service #=> serviced!
+#
+# If you want to use both Forwardable and SingleForwardable, you can
+# use methods def_instance_delegator and def_single_delegator, etc.
+module SingleForwardable
+  # Takes a hash as its argument.  The key is a symbol or an array of
+  # symbols.  These symbols correspond to method names.  The value is
+  # the accessor to which the methods will be delegated.
+  #
+  # :call-seq:
+  #    delegate method => accessor
+  #    delegate [method, method, ...] => accessor
+  #
+  def single_delegate(hash)
+    hash.each{ |methods, accessor|
+      methods = [methods] unless methods.respond_to?(:each)
+      methods.each{ |method|
+        def_single_delegator(accessor, method)
+      }
+    }
+  end
+
+  #
+  # Shortcut for defining multiple delegator methods, but with no
+  # provision for using a different name.  The following two code
+  # samples have the same effect:
+  #
+  #   def_delegators :@records, :size, :<<, :map
+  #
+  #   def_delegator :@records, :size
+  #   def_delegator :@records, :<<
+  #   def_delegator :@records, :map
+  #
+  def def_single_delegators(accessor, *methods)
+    methods.delete("__send__")
+    methods.delete("__id__")
+    for method in methods
+      def_single_delegator(accessor, method)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # :call-seq:
+  #   def_single_delegator(accessor, method, new_name=method)
+  #
+  # Defines a method _method_ which delegates to _accessor_ (i.e. it calls
+  # the method of the same name in _accessor_).  If _new_name_ is
+  # provided, it is used as the name for the delegate method.
+  def def_single_delegator(accessor, method, ali = method)
+    str = %{
+      def #{ali}(*args, &block)
+        begin
+          #{accessor}.__send__(:#{method}, *args, &block)
+        rescue Exception
+          $@.delete_if{|s| Forwardable::FILE_REGEXP =~ s} unless Forwardable::debug
+          ::Kernel::raise
+        end
+      end
+    }
+
+    instance_eval(str, __FILE__, __LINE__)
+  end
+
+  alias delegate single_delegate
+  alias def_delegators def_single_delegators
+  alias def_delegator def_single_delegator
+end